Ludovisi Alessandra, Di Felice Gabriella, Carballeda-Sangiao Noelia, Barletta Bianca, Butteroni Cinzia, Corinti Silvia, Marucci Gianluca, González-Muñoz Miguel, Pozio Edoardo, Gómez-Morales Maria Angeles
Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
University Hospital La Paz-FIBHULP, Paseo Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
Parasit Vectors. 2017 Jun 12;10(1):290. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2231-4.
Anisakis simplex is the only fishery-product associated parasite causing clinical allergic responses in humans so far. However, other anisakids, due to the presence of shared or own allergens, could also lead to allergic reactions after sensitization. The aim of this study was to determine if Pseudoterranova decipiens belonging to the family Anisakidae has allergenic activity and is able to induce sensitization after oral administration in a murine (BALB/c mice) model.
The ingestion of A. pegreffii proteins by BALB/c mice, which had been previously sensitized by intraperitoneal inoculation with the corresponding live L3 larvae, triggers signs of allergy within 60 min, whereas P. decipiens did to a lesser extent. Beside symptoms, allergic reactions were furtherly supported by the presence of histamine in sera of sensitized mice. Specific IgG1 and IgE responses were detected in sera of all sensitized mice from week four. Specific IgG2a response was detected in sera from mice sensitized to P. decipiens. After polyclonal or specific activation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 or antigens, respectively, splenocytes from mice infected i.p. with A. pegreffii or P. decipiens larvae showed significantly higher production of IL-10 than naïve mice. After stimulation with specific antigens, significantly higher IL-5 and IL-13 amounts were produced by specific antigen stimulated splenocytes than by the naïve cells; only P. decipiens proteins induced IFN-ɣ.
The overall results suggest that infection with P. decipiens can sensitize mice to react to subsequent oral challenge with anisakid proteins, as described for A. simplex (sensu stricto) and A. pegreffii infections. The results show that anisakid proteins induce a dominant Th2 response, although P. decipiens could also induce a mixed type 1/type 2 pattern.
简单异尖线虫是目前唯一一种与渔业产品相关且可在人类中引发临床过敏反应的寄生虫。然而，其他异尖科线虫由于存在共同或自身的过敏原，致敏后也可能导致过敏反应。本研究的目的是确定属于异尖科的欺骗新蛔线虫是否具有致敏活性，以及在小鼠（BALB/c小鼠）模型中口服给药后能否诱导致敏。
先前经腹腔接种相应活L3幼虫致敏的BALB/c小鼠摄入佩氏异尖线虫蛋白后，60分钟内即引发过敏症状，而欺骗新蛔线虫引发过敏症状的程度较轻。除症状外，致敏小鼠血清中组胺的存在进一步支持了过敏反应。从第4周起，在所有致敏小鼠的血清中均检测到特异性IgG1和IgE反应。在对欺骗新蛔线虫致敏的小鼠血清中检测到特异性IgG2a反应。分别用抗CD3/抗CD28或抗原进行多克隆或特异性激活后，经腹腔感染佩氏异尖线虫或欺骗新蛔线虫幼虫的小鼠脾细胞产生的IL-10明显高于未感染小鼠。用特异性抗原刺激后，特异性抗原刺激的脾细胞产生的IL-5和IL-13量明显高于未感染细胞；只有欺骗新蛔线虫蛋白诱导产生IFN-γ。
总体结果表明，如简单异尖线虫（狭义）和佩氏异尖线虫感染那样，感染欺骗新蛔线虫可使小鼠对随后口服异尖科线虫蛋白产生致敏反应。结果表明，异尖科线虫蛋白可诱导占主导地位的Th2反应，尽管欺骗新蛔线虫也可诱导1型/2型混合模式。
