Brandon N P, Kurban Z
Imperial College London, London, UK
Imperial College London, London, UK.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2017 Jul 28;375(2098). doi: 10.1098/rsta.2016.0400.
In recent years, new-found interest in the hydrogen economy from both industry and academia has helped to shed light on its potential. Hydrogen can enable an energy revolution by providing much needed flexibility in renewable energy systems. As a clean energy carrier, hydrogen offers a range of benefits for simultaneously decarbonizing the transport, residential, commercial and industrial sectors. Hydrogen is shown here to have synergies with other low-carbon alternatives, and can enable a more cost-effective transition to de-carbonized and cleaner energy systems. This paper presents the opportunities for the use of hydrogen in key sectors of the economy and identifies the benefits and challenges within the hydrogen supply chain for power-to-gas, power-to-power and gas-to-gas supply pathways. While industry players have already started the market introduction of hydrogen fuel cell systems, including fuel cell electric vehicles and micro-combined heat and power devices, the use of hydrogen at grid scale requires the challenges of clean hydrogen production, bulk storage and distribution to be resolved. Ultimately, greater government support, in partnership with industry and academia, is still needed to realize hydrogen's potential across all economic sectors.This article is part of the themed issue 'The challenges of hydrogen and metals'.
近年来，工业界和学术界对氢经济重新产生的兴趣有助于揭示其潜力。氢气可以通过在可再生能源系统中提供急需的灵活性来推动能源革命。作为一种清洁能源载体，氢气为交通运输、住宅、商业和工业部门同时脱碳带来了一系列好处。本文表明，氢气与其他低碳替代品具有协同作用，并且能够以更具成本效益的方式向脱碳和更清洁能源系统过渡。本文介绍了在关键经济部门使用氢气的机遇，并确定了在电力制气、电力制电力和天然气制天然气供应途径的氢气供应链中的益处和挑战。虽然行业参与者已经开始在市场上引入氢燃料电池系统，包括燃料电池电动汽车和微型热电联产装置，但在电网规模使用氢气需要解决清洁氢气生产、大容量存储和分配等挑战。最终，仍需要政府与工业界和学术界合作提供更多支持，以实现氢气在所有经济部门的潜力。本文是主题为“氢气与金属的挑战”的特刊的一部分。
