Dev V, Sharma V P, Barman K
National Institute of Malaria Research (Field Station), Guwahati, Assam, India.
Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
WHO South East Asia J Public Health. 2015 Jan-Jun;4(1):20-29. doi: 10.4103/2224-3151.206616.
Mosquito-borne diseases, including malaria, Japanese encephalitis (JE), lymphatic filariasis and dengue, are major public health concerns in the north-eastern state of Assam, deterring equitable socioeconomic and industrial development. Among these, malaria and JE are the predominant infections and are spread across the state. The incidence of malaria is, however, gradually receding, with a consistent decline in cases over the past few years, although entry and spread of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum remains a real threat in the country. JE, formerly endemic in upper Assam, is currently spreading fast across the state, with confirmed cases and a high case-fatality rate affecting all ages. Lymphatic filariasisis is prevalent but its distribution is confined to a few districts and disease transmission is steadily declining. Dengue has recently invaded the state, with a large concentration of cases in Guwahati city that are spreading to suburban areas. Control of these diseases requires robust disease surveillance and integrated vector management on a sustained basis, ensuring universal coverage of evidence-based key interventions based on sound epidemiological data. This paper aims to present a comprehensive review of the status of vector-borne diseases in Assam and to address the key challenges.
包括疟疾、日本脑炎（乙脑）、淋巴丝虫病和登革热在内的蚊媒疾病，是印度东北部阿萨姆邦主要的公共卫生问题，阻碍了公平的社会经济和工业发展。其中，疟疾和乙脑是主要的感染疾病，在该邦广泛传播。不过，疟疾发病率正逐渐下降，过去几年病例持续减少，尽管耐青蒿素恶性疟原虫的传入和传播在该国仍是一个现实威胁。乙脑以前在上阿萨姆邦为地方病，目前正在该邦迅速蔓延，确诊病例及高病死率影响到各个年龄段。淋巴丝虫病流行，但分布局限于少数几个地区，疾病传播正在稳步下降。登革热最近侵入该邦，病例大量集中在古瓦哈蒂市，并正在蔓延至郊区。控制这些疾病需要持续进行强有力的疾病监测和综合病媒管理，确保基于可靠流行病学数据的循证关键干预措施覆盖全民。本文旨在全面综述阿萨姆邦蚊媒疾病的现状，并应对关键挑战。
