a Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China.
b The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology , State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology in Shenzhen , Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2018;58(14):2416-2431. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1327418. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
In recent years, a big trend has been the development of rapid, green, efficient, economical, and scalable approaches for the separation and purification of bioactive molecules from natural sources, which can be used in food, cosmetics, and medicine. As a new nonchromatographic bioseparation technology, three-phase partitioning (TPP) is attracting the attention of a growing number of scientists and engineers. Although a number of studies have been published in the last 40 years regarding the extraction, separation, and purification of numerous bioactive molecules using TPP systems, a background review on TPP partitioning fundamentals and its applications is much needed. Therefore, the present review focuses in detail on the TPP separation process, including the definition of TPP, partitioning mechanisms, parameters for establishing the suitable condition to form precipitate such as concentration of ammonium sulfate, content of tert-butanol, pH and temperature, and the application for separation and purification of protein, enzyme, plant oil, polysaccharide, and other small molecule organic compounds. In addition, the possible directions of future developments in TPP technology are discussed. The review presents a good opportunity, as well as a challenge for scientists, to understand the detailed partitioning rule and to take better use of TPP for the production and separation of various bioactive molecules, which have been intensively applied in the food and medical fields.
近年来，从天然资源中分离和纯化生物活性分子的快速、绿色、高效、经济和可扩展方法的发展成为一个大趋势，这些方法可应用于食品、化妆品和医药领域。三相分配（TPP）作为一种新型的非色谱生物分离技术，正引起越来越多的科学家和工程师的关注。尽管在过去的 40 年中，已有大量关于使用 TPP 系统提取、分离和纯化多种生物活性分子的研究发表，但仍非常需要对 TPP 分配基础原理及其应用进行背景综述。因此，本综述详细聚焦于 TPP 分离过程，包括 TPP 的定义、分配机制、建立合适沉淀条件的参数（如硫酸铵浓度、叔丁醇含量、pH 值和温度），以及在蛋白质、酶、植物油脂、多糖和其他小分子有机化合物的分离和纯化方面的应用。此外，还讨论了 TPP 技术未来发展的可能方向。该综述为科学家们提供了一个很好的机会，让他们有机会深入了解详细的分配规则，并更好地利用 TPP 来生产和分离各种生物活性分子，这些分子已在食品和医疗领域得到了广泛应用。
