Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary.
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary.
Reprod Toxicol. 2017 Sep;72:153-158. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.06.041. Epub 2017 Jun 10.
Constipation appears in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy, while nausea is the strongest in the 1st trimester. This review summarizes the applicability of herbal laxatives and antiemetics in pregnancy. A human study has shown that flax oil as laxative is safe from 2nd trimester. Human data is not available about the rhubarb, but animal studies reveal that its emodin content induces fetal abnormalities. Fenugreek induces teratogenic malformation both in human and animals. Senna seed is proved as a safe laxative in pregnancy. The antiemetic ginger is safe during 1st trimester, but it reduces the gestational period when applied from the 2nd trimester. Cannabis induces fetal neurological disorders while fennel can shorten the gestational age. There is herbal alternative for laxative therapy (senna) for the whole length of pregnancy, but nausea and vomiting might be reduced by herbal medicine (ginger) safely in the 1st trimester, only.
便秘出现在妊娠的第 2 和第 3 个孕期，而恶心在第 1 孕期最为强烈。本综述总结了草药性泻药和止吐药在妊娠中的适用性。一项人体研究表明，从妊娠第 2 孕期开始，亚麻籽油作为泻药是安全的。关于大黄，尚无人体数据，但动物研究表明其大黄素含量会引起胎儿畸形。葫芦巴在人和动物中都能引起致畸性畸形。番泻叶种子已被证明在妊娠中是一种安全的泻药。止吐姜在妊娠的第 1 孕期是安全的，但从第 2 孕期开始应用时会缩短妊娠期。大麻会引起胎儿神经紊乱，而茴香会缩短妊娠期。有草药替代疗法（番泻叶）可用于整个孕期的通便治疗，但只有在妊娠的第 1 孕期，草药（生姜）才能安全减轻恶心和呕吐。
