Lee Jonathan C, Croarkin Paul E, Ameis Stephanie H, Sun Yinming, Blumberger Daniel M, Rajji Tarek K, Daskalakis Zafiris J
Temerty Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mayo Clinic Depression Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Front Psychiatry. 2017 May 29;8:95. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00095. eCollection 2017.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using paired-associative stimulation (PAS) to study excitatory and inhibitory plasticity in adolescents while examining variables that may moderate plasticity (such as sex and environment).
We recruited 34 healthy adolescents (aged 13-19, 13 males, 21 females). To evaluate excitatory plasticity, we compared mean motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) before and after PAS at 0, 15, and 30 min. To evaluate inhibitory plasticity, we evaluated the cortical silent period (CSP) elicited by single-pulse TMS in the contracted hand before and after PAS at 0, 15, and 30 min.
All participants completed PAS procedures. No adverse events occurred. PAS was well tolerated. PAS-induced significant increases in the ratio of post-PAS MEP to pre-PAS MEP amplitudes ( < 0.01) at all post-PAS intervals. Neither socioeconomic status nor sex was associated with post-PAS MEP changes. PAS induced significant CSP lengthening in males but not females.
PAS is a feasible, safe, and well-tolerated index of adolescent motor cortical plasticity. Gender may influence PAS-induced changes in cortical inhibition. PAS is safe and well tolerated by healthy adolescents and may be a novel tool with which to study adolescent neuroplasticity.
本研究的目的是评估使用配对联想刺激（PAS）来研究青少年兴奋性和抑制性可塑性的可行性，同时研究可能调节可塑性的变量（如性别和环境）。
我们招募了34名健康青少年（年龄13 - 19岁，男性13名，女性21名）。为了评估兴奋性可塑性，我们比较了在PAS前以及PAS后0、15和30分钟时单脉冲经颅磁刺激（TMS）诱发的平均运动诱发电位（MEP）。为了评估抑制性可塑性，我们评估了在PAS前以及PAS后0、15和30分钟时，在收缩手时单脉冲TMS诱发的皮质静息期（CSP）。
所有参与者均完成了PAS程序。未发生不良事件。PAS耐受性良好。在所有PAS后的时间间隔内，PAS均导致PAS后MEP与PAS前MEP振幅之比显著增加（<0.01）。社会经济地位和性别均与PAS后MEP变化无关。PAS使男性的CSP显著延长，但女性未出现此现象。
PAS是青少年运动皮质可塑性的一种可行、安全且耐受性良好的指标。性别可能会影响PAS诱导的皮质抑制变化。PAS对健康青少年安全且耐受性良好，可能是研究青少年神经可塑性的一种新工具。
