Díaz Adrián Alberto, Gallestey Jorge Bacallao, Vargas-Machuca Rocío, Velarde Roxana Aguilar
Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Quito, Ecuador.
Centro para la Investigación y Rehabilitación de las Ataxias Hereditarias, La Habana, Cuba.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2017 Jun 8;41:e71. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2017.71.
The objective of the study was to demonstrate the influence of several socioeconomic factors on the motor and language development of children under 5 from the baseline study conducted within the framework of the Joint Program for Children, Food Security, and Nutrition, implemented by five United Nations agencies across 65 districts in the departments of Loreto, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, and Apurímac, Peru.
Dichotomous logistic regression models were used to estimate the likelihood of achievement of motor and language milestones, while polynomial regression models were used to estimate the last milestone achieved and the number of milestones achieved. The study analyzes the influence that maternal education, urban vs. rural housing, and unmet basic needs have on the difference between actual results and expected results for age was analyzed.
Children living in rural areas, those whose mothers had low educational attainment, and those from households with unmet basic needs exhibited poorer outcomes in the two areas of development assessed. As the number of risk factors increased, so did the developmental delay.
Evaluation of child development and follow-up of families during the child-rearing process should be prioritized by health systems and social programs. The instruments used were sensitive to three criteria for validation.
本研究的目的是通过在儿童、粮食安全与营养联合计划框架内进行的基线研究，证明若干社会经济因素对秘鲁洛雷托、阿亚库乔、万卡韦利卡和阿普里马克省65个地区由五个联合国机构实施的5岁以下儿童运动和语言发育的影响。
采用二分逻辑回归模型估计达到运动和语言发育里程碑的可能性，同时采用多项式回归模型估计最后达到的里程碑以及达到的里程碑数量。本研究分析了母亲教育程度、城乡居住情况以及未满足的基本需求对实际结果与预期年龄结果之间差异的影响。
生活在农村地区的儿童、母亲教育程度低的儿童以及来自基本需求未得到满足家庭的儿童在评估的两个发育领域表现较差。随着风险因素数量的增加，发育迟缓也随之增加。
卫生系统和社会项目应优先对儿童发育进行评估，并在育儿过程中对家庭进行跟踪。所使用的工具对三个验证标准敏感。
