Sherchand Jeevan B, Schluter W William, Sherchan Jatan B Sherchan B, Tandukar Sarmila, Dhakwa Jyoti R, Choudhary Ganga R, Mahasethd Chandeshwar
Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Public Health Research Laboratory and Microbiology.
Program for Immunization Preventable Diseases (IPD), Kathmandu, Nepal.
WHO South East Asia J Public Health. 2012 Oct-Dec;1(4):432-440. doi: 10.4103/2224-3151.207045.
Rotavirus as a causative agent of childhood diarrhea is known to cause serious illness among children less than 5 years of age. This study examined the epidemiology of rotavirus disease burden and diversity of G and P genotypes of rotavirus in Nepal.
Stool samples were tested for rotavirus by Enzyme Immuno Assay and Group A rotaviruses were detected by using both ELISA and RT-PCR in 2718 samples between 2009 and 2011.
Rotavirus was more frequently detected among inpatients (28.5%) than outpatients (15.2%). Over the three-year study period, 653 (24.4%) cases were positive for rotavirus by ELISA. Genotyping by RT-PCR was done on 638 samples. The most prevalent genotype was G12P [6] (60.4%). Mixed infections were not uncommon (14% in 2009, 29% in 2010 an 7% in 2011). However, 41 were partially typed and 23 were completely untyped over the study period.
This study highlights the rotavirus disease burden and diversity of rotavirus strains circulating in Nepal. Continued sentinel surveillance will provide useful information to policy makers with regard to rotavirus vaccine introduction.
轮状病毒作为儿童腹泻的病原体，已知会在5岁以下儿童中引发严重疾病。本研究调查了尼泊尔轮状病毒疾病负担的流行病学情况以及轮状病毒G和P基因型的多样性。
通过酶免疫测定法对粪便样本进行轮状病毒检测，并在2009年至2011年期间，使用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）和逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对2718份样本中的A组轮状病毒进行检测。
住院患者中轮状病毒的检出率（28.5%）高于门诊患者（15.2%）。在为期三年的研究期间，653例（24.4%）通过ELISA检测呈轮状病毒阳性。对638份样本进行了RT-PCR基因分型。最常见的基因型是G12P[6]（60.4%）。混合感染并不罕见（2009年为14%，2010年为29%，2011年为7%）。然而，在研究期间，有41份样本部分分型，23份样本完全未分型。
本研究突出了尼泊尔轮状病毒疾病负担以及流行的轮状病毒株的多样性。持续的哨点监测将为政策制定者提供有关引入轮状病毒疫苗的有用信息。
