Forman-Hoffman Valerie L, Glasheen Cristie, Batts Kathryn R
Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA.
Subst Abuse. 2017 Jun 6;11:1178221817711159. doi: 10.1177/1178221817711159. eCollection 2017.
Marijuana initiation during adolescence, and early adolescence in particular, is associated with adverse health consequences. Our study used 2005-2014 data from the annual, cross-sectional National Survey on Drug Use and Health to study the prevalence and correlates of marijuana initiation, use, and marijuana use disorder (MUD; abuse or dependence) among 12- to 14-year olds living in civilian US households (n = 84 954). Examined correlates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty status, metropolitan status, year of survey, depression, tobacco use, alcohol use, and fighting at school. Sex differences in the correlates of lifetime use and past year marijuana initiation were tested via interaction. Lifetime prevalence of marijuana use was 5.5%; 3.2% reported past year initiation. About 1 in 6 (16.8%) past year initiates progressed to MUD within 12 months of first use. Although men had higher prevalence of lifetime use than women, past year initiation did not differ by sex. On examining the sex*race/ethnicity interaction effects, findings determined that non-Hispanic black and Hispanic men had higher prevalence estimates of ever using marijuana and incidence of past year initiation as compared with non-Hispanic white men; these race/ethnicity differences were not found among women. Identifying correlates of initiation and progression to MUD among young adolescents is critical to improve prevention and treatment program targets.
青少年时期尤其是青春期早期开始使用大麻，会对健康产生不良后果。我们的研究使用了2005年至2014年年度横断面全国药物使用和健康调查的数据，以研究居住在美国普通家庭的12至14岁青少年（n = 84954）中大麻开始使用、使用情况以及大麻使用障碍（滥用或依赖）的患病率及其相关因素。所研究的相关因素包括年龄、性别、种族/族裔、贫困状况、大都市状况、调查年份、抑郁、烟草使用、酒精使用以及在学校打架的情况。通过交互作用检验了终生使用和过去一年开始使用大麻的相关因素中的性别差异。大麻终生使用率为5.5%；3.2%的人报告过去一年开始使用。在过去一年开始使用大麻的人中，约六分之一（16.8%）在首次使用后的12个月内发展为大麻使用障碍。尽管男性终生使用率高于女性，但过去一年开始使用大麻的情况在性别上并无差异。在研究性别*种族/族裔交互作用效应时，研究结果确定，与非西班牙裔白人男性相比，非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔男性曾经使用大麻的患病率估计值以及过去一年开始使用大麻的发生率更高；在女性中未发现这些种族/族裔差异。确定青少年中大麻开始使用以及发展为大麻使用障碍的相关因素对于改进预防和治疗计划目标至关重要。
