Kwenti Tebit Emmanuel, Kwenti Tayong Dizzle Bita, Njunda Longdoh Anna, Latz Andreas, Tufon Kukwah Anthony, Nkuo-Akenji Theresa
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Buea, P.B. 63, Buea, Cameroon.
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.B. 63, Buea, Cameroon.
Trop Med Health. 2017 Jun 15;45:14. doi: 10.1186/s41182-017-0058-5. eCollection 2017.
Malaria in Cameroon was previously known to be caused solely by but today, evidence points to other species including , and . The purpose of this study was to identify the species in clinical samples from children residing in five epidemiological strata of malaria in Cameroon, so as to advise control policies.
One thousand six hundred nine febrile children (≤15 years) were recruited from five epidemiological strata of malaria including the Sudano-sahelian (SS) strata, the High inland plateau (HIP) strata, the South Cameroonian Equatorial forest (SCEF) strata, the High western plateau (HWP) strata and the Coastal (C) strata. Malaria parasites were detected by Giemsa microscopy (GM) while a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the species. Statistical analysis performed included the Pearson chi-square test, and statistical significance was set at < 0.05.
The PCR-adjusted prevalence of malaria was 17.6%. The detection rate of PCR was higher than GM ( = 0.05). However, GM demonstrated a high sensitivity (85.5%) and specificity (100%) and, overall, a perfectly correlated agreement with PCR (97.5%). The prevalence of malaria was significantly higher in children between 60 and 119 months ( < 0.001) and in Limbe (in the Coastal strata) ( < 0.001). Contrariwise, the prevalence of malaria was not associated with gender ( = 0.239). was identified in all (100%) the cases of malaria; , , and were all absent. No case of mixed infection was identified.
was the only species causing clinical malaria in the target population, which is contrary to studies that have reported , and as causing clinical malaria in Cameroon.
喀麦隆的疟疾以前被认为仅由[某种疟原虫]引起，但如今，有证据表明还存在其他疟原虫物种，包括[具体物种1]、[具体物种2]和[具体物种3]。本研究的目的是鉴定喀麦隆疟疾五个流行区域中儿童临床样本中的疟原虫物种，以便为防控政策提供建议。
从疟疾的五个流行区域招募了1609名发热儿童（≤15岁），这些区域包括苏丹 - 萨赫勒（SS）地区、内陆高原（HIP）地区、喀麦隆南部赤道森林（SCEF）地区、西部高原（HWP）地区和沿海（C）地区。通过吉姆萨显微镜检查（GM）检测疟原虫，同时使用多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）鉴定疟原虫物种。进行的统计分析包括Pearson卡方检验，统计学显著性设定为P < 0.05。
经PCR校正的疟疾患病率为17.6%。PCR的检测率高于GM（P = 0.05）。然而，GM显示出高灵敏度（85.5%）和特异性（100%），总体而言，与PCR具有高度相关性（97.5%）。60至119个月的儿童（P < 0.001）以及林贝（沿海地区）的儿童（P < 0.001）疟疾患病率显著更高。相反，疟疾患病率与性别无关（P = 0.239）。所有（100%）疟疾病例中均鉴定出[某种疟原虫]；[其他几种疟原虫]均未检出。未发现混合感染病例。
[某种疟原虫]是目标人群中导致临床疟疾的唯一物种，这与报道[其他几种疟原虫]在喀麦隆导致临床疟疾的研究结果相反。
