Czyż Stanisław H, Toriola Abel L, Starościak Wojciech, Lewandowski Marek, Paul Yvonne, Oyeyemi Adewale L
Physical Activity, Sport, and Recreation Focus Area, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
Department of Sport Didactics, University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Jun 20;14(6):664. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14060664.
There is substantial evidence of rising prevalence of overweight and obesity and its co-morbidities among children in western-high income developed countries. In the European Union, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing fastest among Polish children. Yet, there is paucity of evidence on the relationship of behavioral factors with body weight status of children in Poland. This study examined the association of obesity with physical fitness, physical activity, sedentary behavior and diet among Polish children. A total of 641 children (10-15 years) recruited from the Lower Silesia region of Poland participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants' anthropometrics, physical fitness, physical activity, sedentary behavior and dietary intake were assessed. Outcome variables were weight categories (according to body mass index [BMI], waist-to-hip ratio [WHR], and percentage body fat [% BF]). The strongest negative correlation was found between VO₂max and %BF ( = -0.39, <0.05). Significant negative correlation was also found between VO₂max and weight categories ( = -0.15). Results of the multinomial logit analysis showed that VO₂max increased in groups of overweight, normal weight and underweight children by 13%, 26% and 19%, respectively as compared to the group of obese children. VO₂max and weight and obesity indices were strongly correlated in both gender and age groups. Education and intervention programs to increase physical fitness (VO₂max) through aerobic training are recommended for Physical Education teachers, parents and children in order to reduce the rate of overweight and obesity among children in the Lower Silesia region of Poland.
有大量证据表明，在西方高收入发达国家，儿童超重和肥胖及其合并症的患病率呈上升趋势。在欧盟，超重和肥胖患病率在波兰儿童中增长最快。然而，关于波兰儿童行为因素与体重状况之间关系的证据却很少。本研究调查了波兰儿童肥胖与身体素质、身体活动、久坐行为和饮食之间的关联。共有641名来自波兰下西里西亚地区的儿童（10 - 15岁）参与了这项横断面研究。对参与者的人体测量学指标、身体素质、身体活动、久坐行为和饮食摄入进行了评估。结果变量为体重类别（根据体重指数[BMI]、腰臀比[WHR]和体脂百分比[%BF]）。发现最大摄氧量（VO₂max）与%BF之间存在最强的负相关（=-0.39，<0.05）。最大摄氧量与体重类别之间也存在显著负相关（=-0.15）。多项逻辑回归分析结果显示，与肥胖儿童组相比，超重、正常体重和体重不足儿童组的最大摄氧量分别增加了13%、26%和19%。最大摄氧量与体重和肥胖指数在性别和年龄组中均密切相关。建议体育教师、家长和儿童开展通过有氧训练提高身体素质（最大摄氧量）的教育和干预项目，以降低波兰下西里西亚地区儿童超重和肥胖的发生率。
