Drapkina O M, Korneeva O N
National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
Art-Med Therapeutic and Diagnostic Center, Moscow, Russia.
Ter Arkh. 2016;88(9):135-142. doi: 10.17116/terarkh2016889135-142.
The review demonstrates mechanisms in the relationship of obesity to gut microbiota, as well as possible therapeutic measures to normalize the intestinal microflora. There is evidence that the latter makes a great contribution to the pathogenesis of obesity and related diseases. Investigations have shown the role of the nature of consumed foods (fatty foods) in reducing the amount of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, as well as the effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharides and metabolites from the intestinal microflora (trimethylamine-N-oxide, bile acids, etc.). The use of prebiotics, probiotics and ursodeoxycholic acid preparations and fecal transplantation are promising in correcting the microflora and in providing their positive effect on metabolic disturbances. Certain probiotic strains are effective in treating dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Gut microbiota is impaired in obesity and contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. The control of the gut microbiota and the use of drugs altering the composition of the microflora may become a novel approach to reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
这篇综述阐述了肥胖与肠道微生物群之间关系的机制，以及使肠道微生物群正常化的可能治疗措施。有证据表明，后者对肥胖及相关疾病的发病机制有很大影响。研究表明，所摄入食物（高脂肪食物）的性质在减少双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量方面的作用，以及肠道微生物群的细菌脂多糖和代谢产物（三甲胺 - N - 氧化物、胆汁酸等）的影响。使用益生元、益生菌、熊去氧胆酸制剂和粪便移植在纠正微生物群以及对代谢紊乱产生积极影响方面很有前景。某些益生菌菌株在治疗血脂异常、糖尿病、肥胖症和代谢综合征方面有效。肥胖时肠道微生物群受损，并促成心血管疾病的发展。控制肠道微生物群以及使用改变微生物群组成的药物可能成为降低心血管疾病风险的新方法。
