Pagatpatan Celso P, Ward Paul R
Ateneo Center for Health Evidence, Action and Leadership (A-HEALS), Ateneo de Manila University, Ortigas Avenue, Pasig City 1604, Philippines.
Discipline of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
Aust J Prim Health. 2017 Dec;23(6):516-530. doi: 10.1071/PY16129.
Although researchers argue for the importance of involving the public in developing health policy, there has been little focus on central research questions - such as what techniques of public participation work, in what circumstances, and why. This paper presents a realist synthesis which identifies and explains the underlying mechanisms and specific contextual factors that lead to effective public participation in health policy and planning. Peer-reviewed, English language literature was searched, which resulted in 77 articles for review and synthesis. This synthesis uncovered the underlying mechanism of 'political commitment' that generates public participation effectiveness. The other three possible underlying mechanisms, namely: 'partnership synergy', 'inclusiveness' and 'deliberativeness', were found to potentially provide further explanation on public participation effectiveness for health policy and planning. The findings of this review provide evidence that can be useful to health practitioners and decision-makers to actively involve the public when drafting public health policies and programs and, more importantly, guide them in deciding which strategies to best employ for which contexts.
尽管研究人员主张让公众参与卫生政策制定具有重要意义，但对于一些核心研究问题却鲜有关注，比如哪些公众参与技巧有效、在何种情况下有效以及原因何在。本文进行了一项实在论综合分析，识别并解释了促使公众有效参与卫生政策与规划的潜在机制和具体背景因素。检索了经过同行评审的英文文献，共得到77篇文章用于综述和综合分析。该综合分析揭示了产生公众参与有效性的“政治承诺”这一潜在机制。另外三种可能的潜在机制，即“伙伴关系协同效应”“包容性”和“审议性”，被发现可能会对卫生政策与规划中的公众参与有效性提供进一步解释。本综述的结果提供了证据，有助于卫生从业者和决策者在起草公共卫生政策和项目时积极让公众参与，更重要的是，指导他们决定在何种情况下最适合采用哪些策略。
