Brewer Dawn, Dickens Emily, Humphrey Alyson, Stephenson Tammy
Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506.
Educ Gerontol. 2016;42(11):771-784. doi: 10.1080/03601277.2016.1231511. Epub 2016 Sep 3.
The purpose of this study was to determine if the amount and variety of fruits and vegetables consumed increased among community-dwelling older adults participating in Kentucky's congregate meal site program following a series of five nutrition education lessons. A convenience sample of older adults attending senior centers (n=35), two intervention (n=19) and two control (n=16) centers, participated in this quasi-experimental pilot study. Following the intervention there was a significant increase in actual fruit and vegetable intake in the intervention group (p<0.05) as assessed by plate waste measurements of the congregate lunch meal. In addition, from pre- to post-intervention, a trend towards increased self-reported intake in the variety of fruit and vegetables was observed among the intervention group. As well, a significant increase in the number of days intervention participants self-reported consuming at least 4.5 cups of fruits and vegetables in the last seven days (2.44±2.09 days to 4.28±1.99 days (p=0.004)) was observed; and knowledge pertaining to phytochemicals increased (p<0.05). The phytochemical index (PI) score of the lunch meal, taking into account that the older adults consumption of meal components, including phytochemical-rich foods, was 26.9. Overall, study results indicated that a short theory-based nutrition education program offered to community-dwelling older adults was linked to an increase in fruit and vegetable consumption and phytochemical knowledge.
本研究的目的是确定在参加肯塔基州集体用餐计划的社区老年人中，在接受了一系列五节营养教育课程后，水果和蔬菜的摄入量及种类是否有所增加。一个便利样本，即参加老年中心的老年人（n = 35），其中两个干预中心（n = 19）和两个对照中心（n = 16），参与了这项准实验性试点研究。干预后，通过集体午餐的餐盘剩余量测量评估，干预组的实际水果和蔬菜摄入量显著增加（p < 0.05）。此外，从干预前到干预后，干预组中自我报告的水果和蔬菜种类摄入量有增加的趋势。同样，观察到干预参与者自我报告在过去七天中至少食用4.5杯水果和蔬菜的天数显著增加（从2.44±2.09天增加到4.28±1.99天（p = 0.004））；并且与植物化学物质相关的知识有所增加（p < 0.05）。考虑到老年人对餐食成分（包括富含植物化学物质的食物）的消费情况，午餐的植物化学指数（PI）得分为26.9。总体而言，研究结果表明，为社区居住的老年人提供的一个简短的基于理论的营养教育项目与水果和蔬菜消费及植物化学知识的增加有关。
