Hornbuckle W E, Graham E S, Roth L, Baldwin B H, Wickenden C, Tennant B C
Lab Anim Sci. 1985 Aug;35(4):376-81.
Normal reference values for total serum protein, albumin, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), and total bilirubin were established in 48 clinically healthy woodchucks. To validate the use of these biochemical tests in the woodchuck for assessment of liver injury, carbon tetrachloride was administered to produce hepatocellular necrosis and the common bile duct was surgically occluded to produce cholestasis. Biochemical tests were performed prior to experimental treatment and thereafter in surviving woodchucks for a period of 6 weeks. There were marked increases in the serum activities of AST, ALT, and SDH following carbon tetrachloride administration and all 3 enzymes appeared to be useful markers of acute hepatocellular injury. The predominate biochemical abnormalities in woodchucks with bile duct obstruction were hyperbilirubinemia, hypercholesterolemia and increased serum AP and GGT activities. The increase of GGT occurred earlier following bile duct obstruction and the magnitude of increase was greater than that of AP, suggesting that GGT would be the preferred serum enzyme test in the woodchuck for assessment of cholestatic liver injury.
在48只临床健康的土拨鼠中确定了血清总蛋白、白蛋白、胆固醇、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、山梨醇脱氢酶（SDH）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）、碱性磷酸酶（AP）和总胆红素的正常参考值。为验证这些生化检测在土拨鼠中用于评估肝损伤的效用，给予四氯化碳以产生肝细胞坏死，并通过手术阻断胆总管以产生胆汁淤积。在实验处理前以及之后对存活的土拨鼠进行为期6周的生化检测。给予四氯化碳后，AST、ALT和SDH的血清活性显著增加，并且这3种酶似乎都是急性肝细胞损伤的有用标志物。胆管梗阻土拨鼠的主要生化异常为高胆红素血症、高胆固醇血症以及血清AP和GGT活性增加。胆管梗阻后GGT升高出现得更早，且升高幅度大于AP，这表明在土拨鼠中，GGT将是评估胆汁淤积性肝损伤的首选血清酶检测。
