Gupta Rajeev, Rao Ravinder S, Misra Anoop, Sharma Samin K
Department of Preventive Cardiology and Medicine, Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, Mount Sinai New York Affiliate, Jaipur, India.
Department of Preventive Cardiology and Medicine, Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, Mount Sinai New York Affiliate, Jaipur, India.
Indian Heart J. 2017 May-Jun;69(3):382-392. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2017.02.020. Epub 2017 Mar 6.
Dyslipidemia is the most important atherosclerotic risk factor. Review of population based studies in India shows increasing mean total cholesterol levels. Recent studies have reported that high cholesterol is present in 25-30% of urban and 15-20% rural subjects. This prevalence is lower than high-income countries. The most common dyslipidemia in India are borderline high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides. Studies have reported that over a 20-year period total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels have increased among urban populations. Case-control studies have reported that there is significant association of coronary events with raised apolipoproteinB, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol and inverse association with high apolipoproteinA and HDL cholesterol. Prevalence of suspected familial hypercholesterolemia in urban subjects varies from 1:125 to 1:450. Only limited studies exist regarding lipid abnormalities in children. There is low awareness, treatment and control of hypercholesterolemia in India.
血脂异常是最重要的动脉粥样硬化风险因素。对印度基于人群的研究回顾显示，平均总胆固醇水平在上升。近期研究报告称，25% - 30%的城市居民和15% - 20%的农村居民存在高胆固醇情况。这一患病率低于高收入国家。印度最常见的血脂异常是边缘性高LDL胆固醇、低HDL胆固醇和高甘油三酯。研究报告称，在20年期间，城市人群的总胆固醇、LDL胆固醇和甘油三酯水平有所上升。病例对照研究报告称，冠状动脉事件与升高的载脂蛋白B、总胆固醇、LDL胆固醇和非HDL胆固醇存在显著关联，与高载脂蛋白A和HDL胆固醇呈负相关。城市居民中疑似家族性高胆固醇血症的患病率在1:125至1:450之间。关于儿童脂质异常的研究有限。印度对高胆固醇血症的知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低。
