Elizabeth A J, Aruna J, Mercy P J
Vice Principal, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Sree Sudheendra College of Nursing, Ernakulam, Kerala, India.
Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, University College of Aldair, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Jan 22;12:443. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_495_23. eCollection 2023.
Metabolic syndrome is one of the emerging health issues in developing countries. It includes diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and elevated blood cholesterol. This study aimed to compare the effects of two different types of interventions: multi-interventional therapy (MIT) and lifestyle interventions (LIs) on high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) among women with metabolic syndrome.
The study used a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design with two experimental groups and one control group. This study was conducted among self-help group women from nine area development societies (ADS) in a selected area in South India from March 1, 2019, to February 28, 2020. Women (aged between 35 and 55 years) with metabolic syndrome were recruited by multistage sampling ( = 220) and randomly assigned into three groups: (a) control, (b) MIT (intervention 1), and (c) LIs (intervention 2). Reflexology foot massage, dietary modification, moderate-intensity exercise, and structured education were given to the MIT group and dietary modification, moderate-intensity exercise, and structured education were given to the LI group for 12 weeks. The control group received routine care. A demographic and clinical data sheet is used to collect the basic information. Biochemical variables (HDL, triglycerides, and FBS) were assessed before and after the intervention. The data obtained from the study were computed using a frequency distribution to describe the demographic characteristics, and a Chi-square (x) test was conducted to find the homogeneity. Both parametric and nonparametric tests were conducted for the comparison of the effectiveness of different methods of interventions on biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome.
Women who received MIT and LI had significantly lower values of HDL, triglycerides, and FBS after the treatment from baseline and compared with the control group. The study found a significant improvement in the biochemical parameters in the MIT group as compared to the control group and the LI group (<0.001).
Paired -test shows significant improvement in HDL, triglycerides, and FBS ( < 0.001) in both the LI and MIT groups. In case of triglycerides, MIT was found to be more effective ( < 0.001). Both MIT and LIs can be considered interventions for reducing triglycerides and FBS and increasing HDL.
代谢综合征是发展中国家新出现的健康问题之一。它包括糖尿病、高血压、肥胖和血液胆固醇升高。本研究旨在比较两种不同类型的干预措施：多干预疗法（MIT）和生活方式干预（LIs）对代谢综合征女性高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、甘油三酯和空腹血糖（FBS）的影响。
本研究采用准实验非等效对照组设计，设有两个实验组和一个对照组。本研究于2019年3月1日至2020年2月28日在印度南部某选定地区的九个地区发展协会（ADS）的自助组女性中进行。通过多阶段抽样招募了患有代谢综合征的女性（年龄在35至55岁之间，n = 220），并将她们随机分为三组：（a）对照组，（b）MIT（干预1），和（c）LIs（干预2）。对MIT组进行反射疗法足部按摩、饮食调整、中等强度运动和结构化教育，对LIs组进行饮食调整、中等强度运动和结构化教育，为期12周。对照组接受常规护理。使用人口统计学和临床数据表收集基本信息。在干预前后评估生化变量（HDL、甘油三酯和FBS）。从研究中获得的数据使用频率分布进行计算以描述人口统计学特征，并进行卡方（χ）检验以发现同质性。对不同干预方法对代谢综合征生化参数的有效性进行比较时，同时进行了参数检验和非参数检验。
接受MIT和LIs的女性在治疗后与基线相比以及与对照组相比，HDL、甘油三酯和FBS的值显著降低。研究发现，与对照组和LIs组相比，MIT组的生化参数有显著改善（P<0.001）。
配对t检验显示，LIs组和MIT组的HDL、甘油三酯和FBS均有显著改善（P < 0.001）。在甘油三酯方面，发现MIT更有效（P < 0.001）。MIT和LIs均可被视为降低甘油三酯和FBS以及提高HDL的干预措施。
