Zeng Leli, Gupta Pranav, Chen Yanglu, Wang Enju, Ji Liangnian, Chao Hui, Chen Zhe-Sheng
College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
Chem Soc Rev. 2017 Oct 2;46(19):5771-5804. doi: 10.1039/c7cs00195a.
Cancer is rapidly becoming the top killer in the world. Most of the FDA approved anticancer drugs are organic molecules, while metallodrugs are very scarce. The advent of the first metal based therapeutic agent, cisplatin, launched a new era in the application of transition metal complexes for therapeutic design. Due to their unique and versatile biochemical properties, ruthenium-based compounds have emerged as promising anti-cancer agents that serve as alternatives to cisplatin and its derivertives. Ruthenium(iii) complexes have successfully been used in clinical research and their mechanisms of anticancer action have been reported in large volumes over the past few decades. Ruthenium(ii) complexes have also attracted significant attention as anticancer candidates; however, only a few of them have been reported comprehensively. In this review, we discuss the development of ruthenium(ii) complexes as anticancer candidates and biocatalysts, including arene ruthenium complexes, polypyridyl ruthenium complexes, and ruthenium nanomaterial complexes. This review focuses on the likely mechanisms of action of ruthenium(ii)-based anticancer drugs and the relationship between their chemical structures and biological properties. This review also highlights the catalytic activity and the photoinduced activation of ruthenium(ii) complexes, their targeted delivery, and their activity in nanomaterial systems.
癌症正迅速成为全球头号杀手。美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的抗癌药物大多是有机分子，而金属药物非常稀少。第一种金属基治疗剂顺铂的出现，开启了过渡金属配合物应用于治疗设计的新时代。由于其独特且多样的生化特性，钌基化合物已成为有前景的抗癌剂，可作为顺铂及其衍生物的替代品。钌（III）配合物已成功用于临床研究，并且在过去几十年中，其抗癌作用机制已有大量报道。钌（II）配合物作为抗癌候选物也引起了广泛关注；然而，其中只有少数得到了全面报道。在本综述中，我们讨论了钌（II）配合物作为抗癌候选物和生物催化剂的发展，包括芳烃钌配合物、多吡啶钌配合物和钌纳米材料配合物。本综述重点关注钌（II）基抗癌药物可能的作用机制及其化学结构与生物学性质之间的关系。本综述还强调了钌（II）配合物的催化活性和光诱导活化、它们的靶向递送以及它们在纳米材料系统中的活性。
