Ghimire Bimal Kumar, Son Na-Young, Kim Seung-Hyun, Yu Chang Yeon, Chung Ill-Min
Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05025, South Korea.
Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea.
3 Biotech. 2017 Jul;7(3):167. doi: 10.1007/s13205-017-0795-5. Epub 2017 Jun 29.
The effect of water stress and herbicide treatment on the phenolic compound concentration and photosynthesis rate in transgenic Codonopsis lanceolata plants over-expressing the γ-tmt gene was investigated and compared to that in control non-transgenic C. lanceolata plants. The total phenolic compound content was investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with diode array detection in C. lanceolata seedlings 3 weeks after water stress and treatment with glyphosate. Changes in the composition of phenolic compounds were observed in leaf and root extracts from transformed C. lanceolata plants following water stress and treatment with glyphosate. The total concentration of phenolic compounds in the leaf extracts of transgenic samples after water stress ranged from 3455.13 ± 40.48 to 8695.00 ± 45.44 µg g dry weight (DW), whereas the total concentration phenolic compound in the leaf extracts of non-transgenic control samples was 5630.83 ± 45.91 µg g DW. The predominant phenolic compounds that increased after the water stress in the transgenic leaf were (+) catechin, benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, rutin, vanillic acid, and veratric acid. The total concentration of phenolic compounds in the leaf extracts of transgenic samples after glyphosate treatment ranged from 4744.37 ± 81.81 to 12,051.02 ± 75.00 µg g DW, whereas the total concentration of the leaf extracts of non-transgenic control samples after glyphosate treatment was 3778.28 ± 59.73 µg g DW. Major phenolic compounds that increased in the transgenic C. lanceolata plants after glyphosate treatment included kaempherol, gallic acid, myricetin, p-hydroxybenzjoic acid, quercetin, salicylic acid, t-cinnamic acid, catechin, benzoicacid, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, veratric acid, and vanillic acid. Among these, vanillic acid showed the greatest increase in both leaf and root extracts from transgenic plants relative to those from control C. lanceolata plants following treatment with glyphosate, which could affect the 5-enol-pyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase, an enzyme in the shikimate pathway. We observed enhanced stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthesis rate (A) in the transgenic plants treated with water stress and glyphosate treatment. The results of this study demonstrated large variations in the functioning of secondary metabolites pathway in response glyphosate and water stress in transgenic C. lanceolata.
研究了水分胁迫和除草剂处理对过表达γ-tmt基因的转基因轮叶党参植株中酚类化合物浓度和光合速率的影响，并与对照非转基因轮叶党参植株进行了比较。在水分胁迫和草甘膦处理3周后的轮叶党参幼苗中，使用高效液相色谱结合二极管阵列检测法研究了总酚类化合物含量。在水分胁迫和草甘膦处理后的转基因轮叶党参植株的叶和根提取物中观察到酚类化合物组成的变化。水分胁迫后转基因样品叶提取物中酚类化合物的总浓度范围为3455.13±40.48至8695.00±45.44μg g干重（DW），而非转基因对照样品叶提取物中酚类化合物的总浓度为5630.83±45.91μg g DW。转基因叶片在水分胁迫后增加的主要酚类化合物有（+）儿茶素、苯甲酸、绿原酸、阿魏酸、没食子酸、芦丁、香草酸和藜芦酸。草甘膦处理后转基因样品叶提取物中酚类化合物的总浓度范围为4744.37±81.81至12051.02±75.00μg g DW，而草甘膦处理后非转基因对照样品叶提取物的总浓度为3778.28±59.73μg g DW。草甘膦处理后转基因轮叶党参植株中增加的主要酚类化合物包括山奈酚、没食子酸、杨梅素、对羟基苯甲酸、槲皮素、水杨酸、反式肉桂酸、儿茶素、苯甲酸、阿魏酸、原儿茶酸、藜芦酸和香草酸。其中，相对于草甘膦处理后的对照轮叶党参植株，香草酸在转基因植株的叶和根提取物中的增加幅度最大，草甘膦可能会影响莽草酸途径中的一种酶——5-烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸-3-磷酸（EPSP）合酶。我们观察到在水分胁迫和草甘膦处理的转基因植株中气孔导度（gs）和光合速率（A）增强。本研究结果表明，转基因轮叶党参中次生代谢产物途径的功能在响应草甘膦和水分胁迫时存在很大差异。
