影响暴露于酷热环境下的户外工作者中暑相关疾病的因素。
Factors affecting heat-related diseases in outdoor workers exposed to extreme heat.
作者信息
Park Jungsun, Kim Yangho, Oh Inbo
机构信息
Department of Occupational Health, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, South Korea.
Environmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea.
出版信息
Ann Occup Environ Med. 2017 Jun 29;29:30. doi: 10.1186/s40557-017-0183-y. eCollection 2017.
BACKGROUND
The objectives of the present study are to: ( evaluate the effect of environmental and metabolic heat on heat-related illnesses in outdoor workers; and evaluate the effect of personal factors, including heat acclimation, on the risk of heat-related illnesses in outdoor workers.
METHODS
We identified 47 cases of illnesses from exposure to environmental heat in outdoor workers in Korea from 2010 to 2014, based on review of workers' compensation data. We also obtained the information on location, time, and work environment of each heat-related illness.
RESULTS
Our major results are that 29 cases (61.7%) occurred during a heat wave. Forty five cases (95.7%) occurred when the maximum estimated WBGT (WBGTmax) was equal to or greater than the case specific threshold value which was determined by acclimatization and metabolic rate. Twenty two cases (46.8%) were not acclimated to the heat. Thirty-seven cases (78.7%) occurred after tropical night (temperature above 25 °C), during which many people may find it hard to sleep.
CONCLUSION
Personal risk factors such as heat acclimation as well as environmental factors and high metabolic rate during work are the major determinants of heat-related illnesses.
背景
本研究的目的是：（评估环境热和代谢热对户外工作者中暑相关疾病的影响；以及评估包括热适应在内的个人因素对户外工作者中暑相关疾病风险的影响。）
方法
通过审查工伤赔偿数据，我们确定了2010年至2014年韩国户外工作者中47例因暴露于环境热而患病的病例。我们还获取了每例中暑相关疾病的地点、时间和工作环境信息。
结果
我们的主要结果是，29例（61.7%）发生在热浪期间。45例（95.7%）发生在估计的湿球黑球温度最大值（WBGTmax）等于或高于根据适应和代谢率确定的病例特定阈值时。22例（46.8%）未适应热环境。37例（78.7%）发生在热带夜晚（温度高于25°C）之后，在此期间许多人可能难以入睡。
结论
热适应等个人风险因素以及环境因素和工作期间的高代谢率是中暑相关疾病主要决定因素。
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