USDA Economic Research Service, 355 E Street, SW, Washington, DC 20024, United States.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 5600 Fishers Ln, Rockville, MD 20857, United States.
Prev Med. 2017 Sep;102:65-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.06.031. Epub 2017 Jul 1.
The goal of this study was to analyze the effect of local and state mandatory restaurant menu labeling laws on alcohol use. Using a difference-in-differences estimation approach and data on adults aged 21 and older (n=2,157,722) from the 2002-2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we estimated the effect of menu labeling laws on self-reported consumption of alcoholic beverages in the past month. The regression analysis indicates that on average implementation of menu labeling laws is associated with a 1.2 percentage-point drop in the fraction of survey respondents reporting that they drank an alcoholic beverage in the past month (95% confidence interval=-0.020, -0.004), compared with jurisdictions that had not implemented menu labeling laws. Moreover, we find that the estimated policy effects on alcohol use are larger among men than among women and larger among minorities than among non-Hispanic whites. Further provision of calorie information on foods and beverages in food service establishments, such as through federal menu labeling regulations, may have the potential to lead to a meaningful reduction in alcohol use throughout the U.S. and may result in larger reductions in alcohol use among men and minorities.
本研究旨在分析地方和州强制性餐厅菜单标签法规对酒精使用的影响。我们采用双重差分估计方法和 2002-2012 年行为风险因素监测系统中 21 岁及以上成年人的数据（n=2,157,722），估计了菜单标签法规对过去一个月内自我报告的酒精饮料消费的影响。回归分析表明，平均而言，实施菜单标签法规与报告过去一个月内饮酒的调查受访者比例下降 1.2 个百分点有关（95%置信区间=-0.020，-0.004），与未实施菜单标签法规的司法管辖区相比。此外，我们发现，与女性相比，该政策对男性的饮酒影响更大，与非西班牙裔白人相比，对少数族裔的影响更大。在餐饮场所进一步提供食品和饮料的卡路里信息，例如通过联邦菜单标签法规，可能有潜力在美国范围内显著减少酒精使用，并可能导致男性和少数族裔的酒精使用减少幅度更大。
