Huang Ying, Zhang Xiao-Fei, Gao Guifang, Yonezawa Tomo, Cui Xiaofeng
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Department of Pharmacology and Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Biotechnol J. 2017 Aug;12(8). doi: 10.1002/biot.201600734. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
Bioprinting as an enabling technology for tissue engineering possesses the promises to fabricate highly mimicked tissue or organs with digital control. As one of the biofabrication approaches, bioprinting has the advantages of high throughput and precise control of both scaffold and cells. Therefore, this technology is not only ideal for translational medicine but also for basic research applications. Bioprinting has already been widely applied to construct functional tissues such as vasculature, muscle, cartilage, and bone. In this review, the authors introduce the most popular techniques currently applied in bioprinting, as well as the various bioprinting processes. In addition, the composition of bioink including scaffolds and cells are described. Furthermore, the most current applications in organ and tissue bioprinting are introduced. The authors also discuss the challenges we are currently facing and the great potential of bioprinting. This technology has the capacity not only in complex tissue structure fabrication based on the converted medical images, but also as an efficient tool for drug discovery and preclinical testing. One of the most promising future advances of bioprinting is to develop a standard medical device with the capacity of treating patients directly on the repairing site, which requires the development of automation and robotic technology, as well as our further understanding of biomaterials and stem cell biology to integrate various printing mechanisms for multi-phasic tissue engineering.
生物打印作为组织工程的一项赋能技术，有望通过数字控制制造出高度模拟的组织或器官。作为生物制造方法之一，生物打印具有高通量以及对支架和细胞进行精确控制的优点。因此，这项技术不仅适用于转化医学，也适用于基础研究应用。生物打印已被广泛应用于构建诸如血管、肌肉、软骨和骨骼等功能性组织。在这篇综述中，作者介绍了目前生物打印中应用最广泛的技术以及各种生物打印过程。此外，还描述了包括支架和细胞在内的生物墨水的组成。此外，还介绍了器官和组织生物打印的最新应用。作者还讨论了我们目前面临的挑战以及生物打印的巨大潜力。这项技术不仅能够基于转换后的医学图像制造复杂的组织结构，还能作为药物发现和临床前测试的有效工具。生物打印未来最有前景的进展之一是开发一种能够在修复部位直接治疗患者的标准医疗设备，这需要自动化和机器人技术的发展，以及我们对生物材料和干细胞生物学的进一步理解，以整合各种打印机制用于多阶段组织工程。
