Salis Severyn, Testa Cecilia, Roncada Paola, Armorini Sara, Rubattu Nicola, Ferrari Angelo, Miniero Roberto, Brambilla Gianfranco
a Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna , Department of Food Security , Sassari , Italy.
b Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Veterinary Medical Sciences Dept , Ozzano Emilia (Bologna) , Italy.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2017 Sep 2;52(9):699-709. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1331675. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
The occurrence of pesticides intended for non-agricultural use was investigated in 206 dust samples drawn from vacuum-cleaner bags from residential flats in Italy. The multi-residue analysis targeted on 95 different active principles was performed with UPLC-MS/MS, with a Limit of Quantification (LOQ) of 0.008 μg/g dry weight. The results indicated the presence of imidacloprid (IMI) and carbendazim (CARB) in 30% and 26% of the samples, with a mean and P95 concentration between 1.6 and 39 and between 0.08 and 4.9 μg/g, respectively. Combined presence of two biocides was noted in 19.4% samples, of three biocides in 9.2% samples, of four biocides in 3.4% samples, and of five and six biocides in 0.5% and 1% samples, respectively. According to the estimated dust intake in infants/toddlers aged 6-24 months (16-100 mg d) and cats (200 mg d), it was possible to obtain risk characterization with respect to the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for IMI of 0.060 mg/kg body weight (bw) proposed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the chronic Population Adjusted Dose (cPAD) of 0.019 mg/kg bw d by US-EPA. Under the worst-case scenario, the presence of IMI in dust indicates potential exceedance of the cPAD in kittens, to be considered as sentinel also accounting for combined exposure. This study highlights the relevance of consumer empowerment about the responsible use of pesticides as biocidal products in indoor environment.
对从意大利住宅公寓的吸尘器袋中采集的206份灰尘样本，调查了非农业用途农药的出现情况。采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）对95种不同活性成分进行多残留分析，定量限（LOQ）为0.008 μg/g干重。结果表明，30%的样本中存在吡虫啉（IMI），26%的样本中存在多菌灵（CARB），平均浓度和第95百分位数浓度分别在1.6至39 μg/g和0.08至4.9 μg/g之间。19.4%的样本中发现两种杀生物剂同时存在，9.2%的样本中发现三种杀生物剂同时存在，3.4%的样本中发现四种杀生物剂同时存在，0.5%和1%的样本中分别发现五种和六种杀生物剂同时存在。根据6至24个月大婴儿/幼儿（16 - 100 mg/天）和猫（200 mg/天）的估计灰尘摄入量，能够针对欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）提出的IMI每日允许摄入量（ADI）0.060 mg/kg体重（bw）以及美国环境保护局（US-EPA）的慢性人群调整剂量（cPAD）0.019 mg/kg bw/天进行风险特征描述。在最坏情况下，灰尘中IMI的存在表明小猫可能超过cPAD，考虑到联合暴露，小猫也应被视为哨兵。这项研究强调了增强消费者对在室内环境中作为杀生物产品的农药进行负责任使用的意识的重要性。
