Niama Fabien Roch, Vidal Nicole, Diop-Ndiaye Halimatou, Nguimbi Etienne, Ahombo Gabriel, Diakabana Philippe, Bayonne Kombo Édith Sophie, Mayengue Pembe Issamou, Kobawila Simon-Charles, Parra Henri Joseph, Toure-Kane Coumba
Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, Unité de Biologie Moléculaire, BP 120 Avenue du Général De Gaule, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
Laboratoire de Bactériologie et Virologie, Hôpital Le Dantec, Dakar, Sénégal.
BMC Res Notes. 2017 Jul 5;10(1):243. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2550-8.
In this work, we investigated the genetic diversity of HIV-1 and the presence of mutations conferring antiretroviral drug resistance in 50 drug-naïve infected persons in the Republic of Congo (RoC). Samples were obtained before large-scale access to HAART in 2002 and 2004.
To assess the HIV-1 genetic recombination, the sequencing of the pol gene encoding a protease and partial reverse transcriptase was performed and analyzed with updated references, including newly characterized CRFs. The assessment of drug resistance was conducted according to the WHO protocol.
Among the 50 samples analyzed for the pol gene, 50% were classified as intersubtype recombinants, charring complex structures inside the pol fragment. Five samples could not be classified (noted U). The most prevalent subtypes were G with 10 isolates and D with 11 isolates. One isolate of A, J, H, CRF05, CRF18 and CRF37 were also found. Two samples (4%) harboring the mutations M230L and Y181C associated with the TAMs M41L and T215Y, respectively, were found.
This first study in the RoC, based on WHO classification, shows that the threshold of transmitted drug resistance before large-scale access to antiretroviral therapy is 4%.
在本研究中，我们调查了刚果共和国50例未接受过抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV-1感染者的病毒基因多样性以及抗逆转录病毒药物耐药性相关突变的存在情况。样本于2002年和2004年在大规模获得高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）之前采集。
为评估HIV-1基因重组情况，对编码蛋白酶和部分逆转录酶的pol基因进行测序，并与更新后的参考序列（包括新鉴定的CRF）进行分析。根据世界卫生组织的方案进行耐药性评估。
在分析的50份pol基因样本中，50%被归类为亚型间重组体，在pol片段内具有复杂结构。5个样本无法分类（标记为U）。最常见的亚型是G型（10株）和D型（11株）。还发现了1株A、J、H、CRF05、CRF18和CRF37型。发现2个样本（4%）分别携带与主要耐药突变M41L和T215Y相关的M230L和Y181C突变。
基于世界卫生组织分类的刚果共和国首次研究表明，在大规模获得抗逆转录病毒治疗之前，传播性耐药的阈值为4%。
