Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture - School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
South Australian Research and Development Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Food Environ Virol. 2018 Mar;10(1):7-15. doi: 10.1007/s12560-017-9313-5. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
This paper reports a study of norovirus (NoV) GII distribution and persistence in Sydney rock oysters (SRO) (Saccostrea glomerata) located in an estuary after a pump station sewage overflow. SRO were strategically placed at six sites spanning the length of the estuary from the pump station to the sea. The spatial and temporal distribution of NoV, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in oysters was mapped after the contamination event. NoV GI and GII, HAV and E. coli were quantified for up to 48 days in oysters placed at six sites ranging from 0.05 to 8.20 km from the sewage overflow. NoV GII was detected up to 5.29 km downstream and persisted in oysters for 42 days at the site closest to the overflow. NoV GII concentrations decreased significantly over time; a reduction rate of 8.5% per day was observed in oysters (p < 0.001). NoV GII concentrations decreased significantly as a function of distance at a rate of 5.8% per km (p < 0.001) and the decline in E. coli concentration with distance was 20.1% per km (p < 0.001). HAV and NoV GI were not detected. A comparison of NoV GII reduction rates from oysters over time, as observed in this study and other published research, collectively suggest that GII reduction rates from oysters may be broadly similar, regardless of environmental conditions, oyster species and genotype.
本文报道了一项关于在污水泵站溢出事件后，悉尼岩蚝（Saccostrea glomerata）中诺如病毒（NoV）GII 分布和持久性的研究。从泵站到海洋，在河口的六个地点战略性地放置了岩蚝。在污染事件发生后，绘制了 NoV、甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）和大肠杆菌（E. coli）在蚝中的时空分布。在距离污水溢出点 0.05 至 8.20 公里的六个地点放置的蚝中，检测到 NoV GI 和 GII、HAV 和 E. coli 长达 48 天。NoV GII 最远可检测到 5.29 公里下游，并在最接近溢出点的地点持续存在 42 天。NoV GII 浓度随时间显著下降；在蚝中观察到每天 8.5%的减少率（p<0.001）。NoV GII 浓度随距离以每公里 5.8%的速度显著下降（p<0.001），而大肠杆菌浓度随距离的下降率为每公里 20.1%（p<0.001）。未检测到 HAV 和 NoV GI。对本研究和其他已发表研究中蚝中 NoV GII 减少率随时间的比较表明，蚝中 GII 减少率可能大致相似，而与环境条件、蚝种和基因型无关。
