Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Oct;77(19):6884-8. doi: 10.1128/AEM.05806-11. Epub 2011 Aug 19.
To examine the long-term infectivity of human norovirus in water, 13 study subjects were challenged at different time points with groundwater spiked with the prototype human norovirus, Norwalk virus. Norwalk virus spiked in groundwater remained infectious after storage at room temperature in the dark for 61 days (the last time point tested). The Norwalk virus-seeded groundwater was stored for 1,266 days and analyzed, after RNase treatment, by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to detect Norwalk virus RNA contained within intact capsids. Norwalk virus RNA within intact capsids was detected in groundwater for 1,266 days, with no significant log(10) reduction throughout 427 days and a significant 1.10-log(10) reduction by day 1266. Purified Norwalk virus RNA (extracted from Norwalk virus virions) persisted for 14 days in groundwater, tap water, and reagent-grade water. This study demonstrates that Norwalk virus in groundwater can remain detectable for over 3 years and can remain infectious for at least 61 days. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00313404.).
为了研究人类诺如病毒在水中的长期传染性，13 名研究对象在不同时间点接受了用地下水加标原型人类诺如病毒（诺如病毒）的挑战。在室温黑暗条件下储存 61 天后（最后一个检测时间点），加标于地下水的诺如病毒仍具有传染性。对诺如病毒接种的地下水进行储存，并在经过 RNase 处理后，通过逆转录定量 PCR（RT-qPCR）进行分析，以检测完整衣壳内包含的诺如病毒 RNA。在地下水中共检测到完整衣壳内的诺如病毒 RNA 长达 1266 天，在 427 天内无明显的对数（10）减少，在第 1266 天则显著减少了 1.10 对数（10）。从诺如病毒病毒粒子中提取的纯化诺如病毒 RNA 在地下水、自来水和试剂级水中可维持 14 天。本研究表明，地下水中的诺如病毒可检测长达 3 年以上，且至少具有 61 天的传染性。（ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT00313404.）。
