植物生物质中的半纤维素在医学和制药中的应用： 批判性评价。
Hemicellulose from Plant Biomass in Medical and Pharmaceutical Application: A Critical Review.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
出版信息
Curr Med Chem. 2019;26(14):2430-2455. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170705113657.
BACKGROUND
Due to the non-toxicity, abundance and biodegradability, recently more and more attention has been focused on the exploration of hemicellulose as the potential substrate for the production of liquid fuels and other value-added chemicals and materials in different fields. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the promising application of nature hemicellulose and its derivative products including its degradation products, its new derivatives and hemicellulosebased medical biodegradable materials in the medical and pharmaceutical field, especially for inmmune regulation, bacteria inhibition, drug release, anti-caries, scaffold materials and anti-tumor.
METHODS
We searched the related papers about the medical and pharmaceutical application of hemicellulose and its derivative products, and summarized their preparation methods, properties and use effects.
RESULTS
Two hundred and twenty-seven papers were included in this review. Forty-seven papers introduced the extraction and application in immune regulation of nature hemicellulose, such as xylan, mannan, xyloglucan (XG) and β-glucan. Seventy-seven papers mentioned the preparation and application of degradation products of hemicellulose for adjusting intestinal function, maintaining blood glucose levels, enhancing the immunity and alleviating human fatigue fields such as xylooligosaccharides, xylitol, xylose, arabinose, etc. The preparation of hemicellulose derivatives were described in thirty-two papers such as hemicellulose esters, hemicellulose ethers and their effects on anticoagulants, adsorption of creatinine, the addition of immune cells and the inhibition of harmful bacteria. Finally, the preparations of hemicellulose-based materials such as hydrogels and membrane for the field of drug release, cell immobilization, cancer therapy and wound dressings were presented using fifty-five papers.
CONCLUSION
The structure of hemicellulose-based products has the significant impact on properties and the use effect for the immunity, and treating various diseases of human. However, some efforts should be made to explore and improve the properties of hemicellulose-based products and design the new materials to broaden hemicellulose applications.
背景
由于其无毒、丰富和可生物降解性，近年来，越来越多的人关注从半纤维素中探索潜在的底物，以在不同领域生产液体燃料和其他增值化学品和材料。本综述旨在总结天然半纤维素及其衍生产品（包括其降解产物、新型衍生物和基于半纤维素的医用可生物降解材料）在医学和制药领域的有前途的应用，特别是在免疫调节、抑菌、药物释放、抗龋、支架材料和抗肿瘤方面的应用。
方法
我们检索了有关半纤维素及其衍生产品在医学和制药应用的相关文献，并总结了它们的制备方法、性质和使用效果。
结果
本综述共纳入 227 篇文献。其中 47 篇介绍了天然半纤维素（如木聚糖、甘露聚糖、木葡聚糖（XG）和β-葡聚糖）的提取及其在免疫调节方面的应用。77 篇文章提到了半纤维素降解产物的制备及其在调节肠道功能、维持血糖水平、增强免疫力和缓解人体疲劳等方面的应用，如木低聚糖、木糖醇、木糖、阿拉伯糖等。32 篇文章介绍了半纤维素衍生物的制备，如半纤维素酯、半纤维素醚及其在抗凝、肌酐吸附、免疫细胞添加和抑制有害细菌方面的应用。最后，55 篇文章介绍了基于半纤维素的材料（如水凝胶和膜）的制备，用于药物释放、细胞固定、癌症治疗和伤口敷料等领域。
结论
半纤维素基产品的结构对半纤维素基产品的性能和使用效果具有重要影响，可用于免疫和治疗人类的各种疾病。然而，还需要进一步努力来探索和改善半纤维素基产品的性能，并设计新的材料来拓宽半纤维素的应用。
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