Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2017 Nov;145:24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.006. Epub 2017 Jul 7.
Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential element for human beings and animals; however, high dietary intake of Mo can lead to adverse reactions. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the major transitional metals which has toxic effects in animals. To investigate the co-induced toxic effects of Mo and Cd on oxidative damage and kidney apoptosis in duck, 120 ducks were randomly divided into control group and 5 treatment groups which were treated with a commercial diet containing different dosages of Mo and Cd. Kidney samples were collected on the 60th and 120th days to determine the mRNA expression levels of ceruloplasmin (CP), metallothionein (MT), Bak-1, and Caspase-3 by quantitative RT-PCR. Additionally, we also determined the antioxidant activity indexes and contents of Mo, Cd, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) in serum. Meanwhile, ultrastructural changes of the kidney were observed. The results showed that glutathione reductase (GR) activity and CP level in serum were decreased in combination groups. In addition, the antioxidant indexes were decreased in co-treated groups compared with single treated groups. The mRNA expression levels of Bak-1 and Caspase-3 increased in co-treated groups. The mRNA expression level of CP in high-dose combination group was downregulated, while the mRNA expression of MT was upregulated except for low-dose Mo group. Additionally, in the later period the content of Cu in serum decreased in joint groups while the contents of Mo and Cd increased. In addition, ultrastructural changes showed mitochondrial crest fracture, swelling, deformed nuclei, and karyopyknosis in co-treated groups. Taken together, it was suggested that dietary Mo and Cd might lead to oxidative stress, kidney apoptosis and disturb homeostasis of trace elements in duck, and it showed a possible synergistic relationship between the two elements.
钼（Mo）是人类和动物必需的元素；然而，高膳食钼的摄入会导致不良反应。镉（Cd）是主要的过渡金属之一，对动物具有毒性作用。为了研究钼和镉对鸭氧化损伤和肾细胞凋亡的协同毒性作用，将 120 只鸭随机分为对照组和 5 个处理组，用含有不同剂量钼和镉的商业饲料进行处理。在第 60 天和第 120 天采集肾脏样本，通过定量 RT-PCR 测定铜蓝蛋白（CP）、金属硫蛋白（MT）、Bak-1 和 Caspase-3 的 mRNA 表达水平。此外，还测定了血清中的抗氧化活性指标和钼、镉、铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、锌（Zn）和硒（Se）的含量。同时，观察了肾脏的超微结构变化。结果表明，联合组血清谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性和 CP 水平降低。此外，与单一处理组相比，联合处理组的抗氧化指标降低。联合处理组 Bak-1 和 Caspase-3 的 mRNA 表达水平升高。高剂量联合组 CP 的 mRNA 表达下调，而 MT 的 mRNA 表达上调，除了低剂量 Mo 组。此外，在后期，联合组血清中 Cu 含量降低，Mo 和 Cd 含量增加。此外，超微结构变化显示联合组线粒体嵴断裂、肿胀、变形核和核固缩。综上所述，提示膳食钼和镉可能导致鸭氧化应激、肾细胞凋亡和微量元素平衡紊乱，两者之间可能存在协同关系。
