Tunkyi K, Moodley J
a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Durban , South Africa and Women's Health and HIV Research Group, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Oct;31(19):2594-2598. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1349746. Epub 2017 Jul 11.
To determine the prevalence of anemia at the first antenatal visit and at 32-34 weeks gestational age, and to evaluate perinatal and maternal outcomes.
Venous blood samples were obtained for complete blood counts at both study visits. Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality were also recorded. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 23).
Two thousand pregnant women were recruited. The prevalence of anemia was 42.7% (n = 854/2000) at the first antenatal visit. Thirty-five percent had mild anemia and 68.9% had normocytic normochromic anemia. The prevalence of anemia in HIV infected women was higher than that in the noninfected group and 47.2% of the study population (n = 2000) was HIV infected. At the 32-34 weeks visit, hemoglobin (Hb) levels were available for 1433/2000 (71.7%) of the participants. The prevalence of anemia was 28.1% (n = 403/1433); 19.3% had mild anemia and 65.3% had normocytic normochromic anemia. There was a significant difference in Hb levels between that of the first visit and that at 32-34 weeks (42.7% vs. 28.1%; p = .001; 95% CI: 0.11-0.18). There were significant differences in prematurity, birth weight and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy between the anemic and nonanemic groups.
The prevalence of anemia decreased from 42.7% (booking) to 28.1% (32 - 34 weeks). Normocytic normochromic anemia was the commonest type of anemia. Attention needs to be focused on detailed investigations to establish the exact cause of anemia.
确定首次产前检查时及孕32 - 34周时贫血的患病率，并评估围产期及孕产妇结局。
在两次研究访视时采集静脉血样本进行全血细胞计数。同时记录孕产妇及围产期的发病率和死亡率。使用SPSS（版本23）对数据进行分析。
招募了2000名孕妇。首次产前检查时贫血患病率为42.7%（n = 854/2000）。35%为轻度贫血，68.9%为正细胞正色素性贫血。HIV感染女性的贫血患病率高于未感染组，且研究人群中有47.2%（n = 2000）感染了HIV。在孕32 - 34周访视时，1433/2000（71.7%）的参与者有血红蛋白（Hb）水平数据。贫血患病率为28.1%（n = 403/1433）；19.3%为轻度贫血，65.3%为正细胞正色素性贫血。首次访视时与孕32 - 34周时的Hb水平存在显著差异（42.7%对28.1%；p = 0.001；95%CI：0.11 - 0.18）。贫血组与非贫血组在早产、出生体重及妊娠高血压疾病方面存在显著差异。
贫血患病率从42.7%（初诊时）降至28.1%（孕32 - 34周时）。正细胞正色素性贫血是最常见的贫血类型。需要重点关注详细调查以确定贫血的确切原因。
