Yary T, Voutilainen S, Tuomainen T-P, Ruusunen A, Nurmi T, Virtanen J K
Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, The University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2017 Aug;30(4):506-514. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12437. Epub 2016 Nov 7.
The associations of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with metabolic syndrome have been poorly explored. We investigated the associations of the serum n-6 PUFA and the activities of enzymes involved in the PUFA metabolism, delta-5-desaturase (D5D) and delta-6-desaturase (D6D) with risk of incident metabolic syndrome. We also investigated whether zinc, a cofactor for these enzymes, modifies these associations.
A prospective follow-up study was conducted on 661 men who were aged 42-60 years old at baseline in 1984-1989 and who were re-examined in 1998-2001.
Men in the highest versus the lowest serum total omega-6 PUFA tertile had a 70% lower multivariate-adjusted risk of incident metabolic syndrome [odds ratio (OR) = 0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.18-0.51, P < 0.001]. Inverse associations were also observed for linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and D5D activity. By contrast, men in the highest tertile of D6D activity had an 84% higher risk (OR = 1.84; 95% CI = 1.15-2.94, P = 0.008). Similar associations were observed with many of the metabolic syndrome components at the re-examinations. Most associations were attenuated after adjustment for body mass index. Finally, the associations of D6D and LA were stronger among those with a higher serum zinc concentration.
Higher serum total n-6 PUFA, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid concentrations and D5D activity were associated with a lower risk of developing metabolic syndrome and higher D6D activity was associated with a higher risk. The role of zinc also needs to be investigated in other populations.
n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）与代谢综合征之间的关联尚未得到充分研究。我们调查了血清n-6 PUFA以及参与PUFA代谢的酶——δ-5-去饱和酶（D5D）和δ-6-去饱和酶（D6D）的活性与新发代谢综合征风险之间的关联。我们还研究了这些酶的辅助因子锌是否会改变这些关联。
对661名男性进行了一项前瞻性随访研究，这些男性在1984 - 1989年基线时年龄为42 - 60岁，并于1998 - 2001年再次接受检查。
血清总ω-6 PUFA处于最高三分位数组的男性与最低三分位数组的男性相比，新发代谢综合征的多变量调整风险降低了70%[比值比（OR）= 0.30；95%置信区间（CI）= 0.18 - 0.51，P < 0.001]。对于亚油酸、花生四烯酸和D5D活性也观察到了负相关。相比之下，D6D活性处于最高三分位数组的男性风险高84%（OR = 1.84；95% CI = 1.15 - 2.94，P = 0.008）。在再次检查时，与许多代谢综合征组分也观察到了类似的关联。在调整体重指数后，大多数关联减弱。最后，在血清锌浓度较高的人群中，D6D和亚油酸之间的关联更强。
较高的血清总n-6 PUFA、亚油酸和花生四烯酸浓度以及D5D活性与较低的代谢综合征发生风险相关，而较高的D6D活性与较高的风险相关。锌的作用也需要在其他人群中进行研究。
