Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935 Cologne, Germany.
Viruses. 2017 Jul 14;9(7):187. doi: 10.3390/v9070187.
Infection of the cutaneous skin with human papillomaviruses (HPV) of genus betapapillomavirus (βHPV) is associated with the development of premalignant actinic keratoses and squamous cell carcinoma. Due to the higher viral loads of βHPVs in actinic keratoses than in cancerous lesions, it is currently discussed that these viruses play a carcinogenic role in cancer initiation. In vitro assays performed to characterize the cell transforming activities of high-risk HPV types of genus alphapapillomavirus have markedly contributed to the present knowledge on their oncogenic functions. However, these assays failed to detect oncogenic functions of βHPV early proteins. They were not suitable for investigations aiming to study the interactive role of βHPV positive epidermis with mesenchymal cells and the extracellular matrix. This review focuses on βHPV gene functions with special focus on oncogenic mechanisms that may be relevant for skin cancer development.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）属β乳头瘤病毒（βHPV）感染皮肤与癌前光化性角化病和鳞状细胞癌的发展有关。由于 βHPV 在光化性角化病中的病毒载量高于癌性病变，目前认为这些病毒在癌症发生中起致癌作用。为了描述 α 乳头瘤病毒属高危 HPV 类型的细胞转化活性而进行的体外检测，极大地促进了对其致癌功能的现有认识。然而，这些检测未能检测到 βHPV 早期蛋白的致癌功能。它们不适合研究 βHPV 阳性表皮与间充质细胞和细胞外基质相互作用的目的。本综述重点介绍 βHPV 基因功能，特别关注可能与皮肤癌发展相关的致癌机制。
