Wackowski Olivia A, Hammond David, O'Connor Richard J, Strasser Andrew A, Delnevo Cristine D
Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Jul 14;14(7):781. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14070781.
Tobacco warning labels are important sources of risk information but research historically has been cigarette-centric. This qualitative study aimed to inform future direction and research on warnings for e-cigarettes. Between June and August 2016, we conducted interviews with 10 researchers with expertise in tobacco warning label research. Interviewees were registrants of a 2016 National Cancer Institute grantee meeting on tobacco warnings. Several participants agreed that the Food and Drug Administration's new nicotine addiction warning for e-cigarettes could be informative but that it might not resonate with young people. Many agreed that more than one warning would be important as e-cigarette science evolves and that research on additional warning themes (e.g., nicotine exposure, harmful constituents) and execution styles (including use of pictorials) was important. Participants were somewhat mixed about the use of reduced-risk messages within e-cigarette warnings, but agreed that research on how to communicate about cigarette/e-cigarette relative risks was needed. Overall, more research is needed on tobacco warnings for non-cigarette products, including on the message content, placement, execution and potential impact on audiences' product knowledge, risk perceptions and use intentions. This is particularly needed for products such as e-cigarettes which may have harm-reduction potential relative to cigarettes and require unique considerations.
烟草警告标签是风险信息的重要来源，但历史上的研究一直以香烟为中心。这项定性研究旨在为电子烟警告的未来方向和研究提供信息。2016年6月至8月期间，我们对10名在烟草警告标签研究方面具有专业知识的研究人员进行了访谈。受访者是2016年美国国立癌症研究所关于烟草警告的受资助者会议的注册人员。几位参与者一致认为，美国食品药品监督管理局针对电子烟的新尼古丁成瘾警告可能会提供信息，但可能无法引起年轻人的共鸣。许多人一致认为，随着电子烟科学的发展，多个警告很重要，并且对其他警告主题（例如尼古丁暴露、有害成分）和执行方式（包括使用图片）的研究很重要。参与者对于在电子烟警告中使用降低风险信息的看法不一，但一致认为需要研究如何传达香烟/电子烟的相对风险。总体而言，对于非香烟产品的烟草警告，包括信息内容、位置、执行方式以及对受众的产品知识、风险认知和使用意图的潜在影响，需要进行更多研究。对于电子烟等可能相对于香烟具有降低危害潜力且需要独特考虑的产品，尤其如此。
