Pomaranski E K, Reichley S R, Yanong R, Shelley J, Pouder D B, Wolf J C, Kenelty K V, Van Bonn B, Oliaro F, Byrne B, Clothier K A, Griffin M J, Camus A C, Soto E
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, USA.
J Fish Dis. 2018 Jan;41(1):49-60. doi: 10.1111/jfd.12673. Epub 2017 Jul 14.
Since 2012, low-to-moderate mortality associated with an Erysipelothrix sp. bacterium has been reported in ornamental fish. Histological findings have included facial cellulitis, necrotizing dermatitis and myositis, and disseminated coelomitis with abundant intralesional Gram-positive bacterial colonies. Sixteen Erysipelothrix sp. isolates identified phenotypically as E. rhusiopathiae were recovered from diseased cyprinid and characid fish. Similar clinical and histological changes were also observed in zebrafish, Danio rerio, challenged by intracoelomic injection. The Erysipelothrix sp. isolates from ornamental fish were compared phenotypically and genetically to E. rhusiopathiae and E. tonsillarum isolates recovered from aquatic and terrestrial animals from multiple facilities. Results demonstrated that isolates from diseased fish were largely clonal and divergent from E. rhusiopathiae and E. tonsillarum isolates from normal fish skin, marine mammals and terrestrial animals. All ornamental fish isolates were PCR positive for spaC, with marked genetic divergence (<92% similarity at gyrB, <60% similarity by rep-PCR) between the ornamental fish isolates and other Erysipelothrix spp. isolates. This study supports previous work citing the genetic variability of Erysipelothrix spp. spa types and suggests isolates from diseased ornamental fish may represent a genetically distinct species.
自2012年以来，观赏鱼中已报告了与红斑丹毒丝菌相关的低至中度死亡率。组织学检查结果包括面部蜂窝织炎、坏死性皮炎和肌炎，以及伴有大量病灶内革兰氏阳性细菌菌落的弥漫性体腔炎。从患病的鲤科鱼类和脂鲤科鱼类中分离出16株表型鉴定为猪红斑丹毒丝菌的红斑丹毒丝菌菌株。在通过体腔注射进行攻击的斑马鱼（Danio rerio）中也观察到了类似的临床和组织学变化。将从观赏鱼中分离出的红斑丹毒丝菌菌株与从多个机构的水生和陆生动物中分离出的猪红斑丹毒丝菌和扁桃体红斑丹毒丝菌菌株进行了表型和基因比较。结果表明，患病鱼类的分离株在很大程度上是克隆性的，并且与来自正常鱼类皮肤、海洋哺乳动物和陆生动物的猪红斑丹毒丝菌和扁桃体红斑丹毒丝菌分离株不同。所有观赏鱼分离株的spaC PCR检测均为阳性，观赏鱼分离株与其他红斑丹毒丝菌属分离株之间存在明显的遗传差异（gyrB相似度<92%，rep-PCR相似度<60%）。本研究支持了之前引用红斑丹毒丝菌属spa类型遗传变异性的工作，并表明来自患病观赏鱼的分离株可能代表一个遗传上不同的物种。
