Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, ERS 135 - Km 72, no 200, Erechim, RS, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Sep;24(25):20699-20704. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9727-5. Epub 2017 Jul 16.
It is important to establish the toxicity pesticides against non-target species, especially those pesticides used in commercial formulations. Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used in agriculture despite their toxicity to aquatic animals. In this study, we determine the toxicity of commercial formulation of two pyrethroid insecticides, cypermethrin and deltamethrin, in two life stages of Physalaemus gracilis, a frog that breeds in agricultural ecosystems and has potential contact with pyrethroid pesticides. The acute toxicity test (96 h) was carried out with embryos of stage 17:18 and larvae of stages 24:25. Embryos were more resistant to both pesticides than larvae. In embryo mobility assays, we found that both pesticides caused spasmodic contractions, suggestive of neurological effects. In acute toxicity assays, we found that P. gracilis is more resistant to these insecticides than other studied species.
确定针对非目标物种（尤其是那些用于商业制剂的农药）的毒性农药很重要。尽管拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂对水生动物具有毒性，但仍广泛用于农业。在这项研究中，我们确定了两种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂，即氯菊酯和溴氰菊酯，在农业生态系统中繁殖且可能与拟除虫菊酯类农药接触的 Physalaemus gracilis 两个生命阶段中的商业制剂的毒性。采用 17:18 期胚胎和 24:25 期幼虫进行急性毒性试验（96 小时）。胚胎对这两种杀虫剂的抵抗力均大于幼虫。在胚胎运动性测定中，我们发现这两种杀虫剂都引起痉挛性收缩，提示存在神经效应。在急性毒性试验中，我们发现 P. gracilis 对这些杀虫剂的抵抗力强于其他研究物种。
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