Patterson Ruth E, Sears Dorothy D
Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093; email:
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.
Annu Rev Nutr. 2017 Aug 21;37:371-393. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064634. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
The objective of this review is to provide an overview of intermittent fasting regimens, summarize the evidence on the health benefits of intermittent fasting, and discuss physiological mechanisms by which intermittent fasting might lead to improved health outcomes. A MEDLINE search was performed using PubMed and the terms "intermittent fasting," "fasting," "time-restricted feeding," and "food timing." Modified fasting regimens appear to promote weight loss and may improve metabolic health. Several lines of evidence also support the hypothesis that eating patterns that reduce or eliminate nighttime eating and prolong nightly fasting intervals may result in sustained improvements in human health. Intermittent fasting regimens are hypothesized to influence metabolic regulation via effects on (a) circadian biology, (b) the gut microbiome, and (c) modifiable lifestyle behaviors, such as sleep. If proven to be efficacious, these eating regimens offer promising nonpharmacological approaches to improving health at the population level, with multiple public health benefits.
本综述的目的是概述间歇性禁食方案，总结间歇性禁食对健康有益的证据，并讨论间歇性禁食可能带来改善健康结果的生理机制。使用PubMed并以“间歇性禁食”“禁食”“限时进食”和“进食时间”为关键词进行了MEDLINE检索。改良的禁食方案似乎能促进体重减轻，并可能改善代谢健康。几条证据线索也支持这样的假设，即减少或消除夜间进食并延长夜间禁食间隔的饮食模式可能会持续改善人类健康。据推测，间歇性禁食方案通过对（a）昼夜生物学、（b）肠道微生物群以及（c）可改变的生活方式行为（如睡眠）的影响来影响代谢调节。如果被证明有效，这些饮食方案为在人群层面改善健康提供了有前景的非药物方法，具有多种公共卫生益处。
