Mmbaga Blandina T, Houpt Eric R
Department of Pediatrics, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania 0255.
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, 345 Crispell Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Aug;64(4):837-850. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.03.014.
Diarrheal disease remains the second leading cause of mortality in children in developing countries. Cryptosporidium is a leading cause and its importance stands to increase as rotavirus vaccine becomes used around the world. Cryptosporidium is particularly problematic in children younger than 2 years old and in the immunocompromised. Giardia lamblia is a common intestinal protozoan that is associated with diarrhea and, perhaps, growth faltering in impoverished settings. This review establishes the current prevalence of these infections in global settings and reviews current diagnosis and management approaches.
腹泻病仍然是发展中国家儿童死亡的第二大主要原因。隐孢子虫是主要病因之一，随着轮状病毒疫苗在全球范围内的使用，其重要性可能会增加。隐孢子虫在2岁以下儿童和免疫功能低下者中尤其成问题。蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫是一种常见的肠道原生动物，与腹泻有关，在贫困地区可能还与生长发育迟缓有关。本综述确定了这些感染在全球范围内的当前流行情况，并回顾了当前的诊断和管理方法。
