Nash David L, Diehl Nancy N, Mohney Brian G
Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota.
Mayo Clinic Division of Biostatistics, Jacksonville, Florida.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2017 Oct;182:31-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2017.07.006. Epub 2017 Jul 20.
To report the incidence, prevalent subtypes, and clinical characteristics of pediatric nystagmus diagnosed over a 30-year period.
Retrospective, population-based study.
Using the Rochester Epidemiology Project, we reviewed the medical records of all children (<19 years) diagnosed as residents in Olmsted County, Minnesota, with any form of nystagmus from January 1, 1976, through December 31, 2005.
Seventy-one children were diagnosed during the 30-year period, yielding an annual incidence of 6.72 per 100,000 younger than 19 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.15-8.28) Infantile nystagmus, onset by 6 months, comprised 62 (87.3%) of the study patients, corresponding to a birth prevalence of 1 in 821. The median age at diagnosis for the cohort was 12.7 months (range, 0 days to 18.6 years) and 42 subjects (59.2%) were male. The main types of nystagmus, in declining order, were nystagmus associated with retinal/optic nerve disease in 23 (32.4%), idiopathic or congenital motor nystagmus in 22 (31.0%), manifest latent nystagmus or latent nystagmus in 17 (24.0%), and 2 (2.8%) each associated with Chiari malformation, medication use, tumor of the central nervous system, and no diagnosis. Developmental delay was diagnosed in 31 (43.6%), strabismus in 25 (35.2%), and amblyopia in 10 (14.1%). Eighty percent had 20/40 (or equivalent) or better vision at presentation in at least 1 eye.
This study provides population-based data on incidence and clinical characteristics of childhood nystagmus in North America. Idiopathic and nystagmus associated with retinal/optic nerve disease were the most common presentations, with most patients having good vision. Developmental delay, strabismus, and amblyopia were common in this cohort.
报告30年间诊断的小儿眼球震颤的发病率、流行亚型及临床特征。
基于人群的回顾性研究。
利用罗切斯特流行病学项目，我们回顾了1976年1月1日至2005年12月31日期间明尼苏达州奥尔姆斯特德县所有诊断为患有任何形式眼球震颤的19岁以下儿童居民的病历。
30年间共诊断出71名儿童，19岁以下儿童的年发病率为每10万人6.72例（95%置信区间[CI]，5.15 - 8.28）。6个月前发病的婴儿型眼球震颤占研究患者的62例（87.3%），相当于出生患病率为1/821。该队列的诊断中位年龄为12.7个月（范围，0天至18.6岁），42名受试者（59.2%）为男性。眼球震颤的主要类型按发生率递减依次为：与视网膜/视神经疾病相关的眼球震颤23例（32.4%）、特发性或先天性运动性眼球震颤22例（31.0%）、显性潜伏性眼球震颤或潜伏性眼球震颤17例（24.0%），各有2例（2.8%）分别与Chiari畸形、药物使用、中枢神经系统肿瘤相关且未明确诊断。31例（43.6%）诊断为发育迟缓，25例（35.2%）为斜视，10例（14.1%）为弱视。80%的患者至少一只眼在就诊时视力为20/40（或相当）及以上。
本研究提供了北美儿童眼球震颤发病率和临床特征的基于人群的数据。特发性和与视网膜/视神经疾病相关的眼球震颤是最常见的表现形式，大多数患者视力良好。该队列中发育迟缓、斜视和弱视很常见。
