Morelli Federica, Catalano Guido, Scognamillo Ilaria, Balzarotti Nicolò, Luparia Antonella, Olivier Lucrezia, Bertone Chiara, Gori Monica, Signorini Sabrina
Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 21, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Developmental Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Brain Sci. 2023 Sep 20;13(9):1348. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13091348.
Though considered a benign condition, idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) may be associated with decreased visual acuity and oculo-motor abnormalities, resulting in developmental delays and poor academic performance. Nevertheless, the specific visual function profile of IIN and its possible impact on neuropsychological development have been poorly investigated. To fill this gap, we retrospectively collected the clinical data of 60 children presenting with IIN over a 10-year period (43 male; mean age of 7 years, range of 2 months-17 years, 9 months). The majority of the subjects in our cohort presented with reduced visual acuity for far distances and normal visual acuity for near distances, associated with oculo-motor abnormalities. The overall scores of cognitive and visual-cognitive tests were in the normal range, but revealed peculiar cognitive and visual-cognitive profiles, defined by specific frailties in processing speed and visual-motor integration. The same neuropsychological profiles characterize many neurodevelopmental disorders and may express a transnosographic vulnerability of the dorsal stream. As the first study to explore the neuropsychologic competencies in children with IIN, our study unveils the presence of subclinical frailties that need to be addressed to sustain academic and social inclusion.
尽管被认为是一种良性病症，但特发性婴儿眼球震颤（IIN）可能与视力下降和眼动异常有关，从而导致发育迟缓及学业成绩不佳。然而，IIN的具体视觉功能特征及其对神经心理发育的可能影响尚未得到充分研究。为填补这一空白，我们回顾性收集了10年间60例IIN患儿的临床资料（43例男性；平均年龄7岁，范围为2个月至17岁9个月）。我们队列中的大多数受试者表现为远距离视力下降和近距离视力正常，并伴有眼动异常。认知和视觉认知测试的总体得分在正常范围内，但显示出特殊的认知和视觉认知特征，其特征在于处理速度和视觉运动整合方面的特定弱点。许多神经发育障碍都具有相同的神经心理特征，可能表现为背侧视觉通路的跨病种易损性。作为第一项探索IIN患儿神经心理能力的研究，我们的研究揭示了存在需要加以解决的亚临床弱点，以维持学业和社会融入。
