Campbell Stephen M, Stramondo Joseph A
Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2017;27(2):151-184. doi: 10.1353/ken.2017.0014.
It is widely assumed that disability is typically a bad thing for those who are disabled. Our purpose in this essay is to critique this view and defend a more nuanced picture of the relationship between disability and well-being. We first examine four interpretations of the above view and argue that it is false on each interpretation. We then ask whether disability is thereby a neutral trait. Our view is that most disabilities are neutral in one sense, though we cannot make simple generalizations about disability's relationship to well-being in other important senses. After defending this view, we discuss its practical implications for selective abortion for disability, nondisabled people's interactions with disabled people, and the use of QALYs in health policy.
人们普遍认为，残疾对残疾人来说通常是件坏事。本文的目的是批判这种观点，并为残疾与幸福之间的关系描绘一幅更为细致入微的图景。我们首先考察上述观点的四种解释，并论证在每种解释下该观点都是错误的。然后我们会探讨残疾是否因此就是一种中性特征。我们的观点是，从某种意义上说，大多数残疾是中性的，不过在其他重要意义上，我们不能对残疾与幸福的关系进行简单概括。在捍卫这一观点之后，我们将讨论其对因残疾而进行的选择性堕胎、非残疾人与残疾人的互动以及健康政策中质量调整生命年的使用所具有的实际意义。
