Corvalán C, Garmendia M L, Jones-Smith J, Lutter C K, Miranda J J, Pedraza L S, Popkin B M, Ramirez-Zea M, Salvo D, Stein A D
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Obes Rev. 2017 Jul;18 Suppl 2(Suppl Suppl 2):7-18. doi: 10.1111/obr.12571.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rapidly increasing among Latin American children, posing challenges for current healthcare systems and increasing the risk for a wide range of diseases. To understand the factors contributing to childhood obesity in Latin America, this paper reviews the current nutrition status and physical activity situation, the disparities between and within countries and the potential challenges for ensuring adequate nutrition and physical activity. Across the region, children face a dual burden of undernutrition and excess weight. While efforts to address undernutrition have made marked improvements, childhood obesity is on the rise as a result of diets that favour energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods and the adoption of a sedentary lifestyle. Over the last decade, changes in socioeconomic conditions, urbanization, retail foods and public transportation have all contributed to childhood obesity in the region. Additional research and research capacity are needed to address this growing epidemic, particularly with respect to designing, implementing and evaluating the impact of evidence-based obesity prevention interventions.
超重和肥胖在拉丁美洲儿童中的患病率正在迅速上升，给当前的医疗保健系统带来了挑战，并增加了患多种疾病的风险。为了解导致拉丁美洲儿童肥胖的因素，本文回顾了当前的营养状况和身体活动情况、国家之间和国家内部的差异以及确保充足营养和身体活动面临的潜在挑战。在整个地区，儿童面临着营养不良和超重的双重负担。虽然解决营养不良问题的努力已取得显著进展，但由于偏爱高能量、低营养食物的饮食习惯以及久坐不动生活方式的采用，儿童肥胖率正在上升。在过去十年中，社会经济状况、城市化、零售食品和公共交通的变化都导致了该地区儿童肥胖问题。需要开展更多研究并提高研究能力来应对这一日益严重的流行病，特别是在设计、实施和评估循证肥胖预防干预措施的影响方面。
