Ren Baizhao, Dong Shuting, Zhao Bin, Liu Peng, Zhang Jiwang
State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jul 11;8:1216. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01216. eCollection 2017.
We performed a field experiment using the maize hybrids DengHai605 (DH605) and ZhengDan958 (ZD958) to study nitrogen uptake and translocation, key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism in response to waterlogging at the third leaf stage (V3), the sixth leaf stage (V6), and the 10th day after the tasseling stage (10VT). Results showed that N accumulation amount was significantly reduced after waterlogging, most greatly in the V3 waterlogging treatment (V3-W), with decreases of 41 and 37% in DH605 and ZD958, respectively. N accumulation in each organ and N allocation proportions in grains decreased significantly after waterlogging, whereas N allocation proportions increased in stem and leaf. The reduction in stem and leaf N accumulation after waterlogging was mainly caused by a decrease in dry matter accumulation, and a reduction in N translocation from stems and leaves to grains after waterlogging. Additionally, waterlogging decreased the activity of key N metabolism enzymes (nitrate reductase, glutamine, glutamate synthase, and glutamate dehydrogenase), and the most significant reduction in V3-W with a decrease of 59, 46, 35, and 26% for DH605, and 60, 53, 31, and 25 for ZD958, respectively. Waterlogging disrupted N metabolism, hindered N absorption and transportation, and decreased maize yield.
我们利用玉米杂交种登海605（DH605）和郑单958（ZD958）进行了一项田间试验，以研究三叶期（V3）、六叶期（V6）和抽雄期后第10天（10VT）受渍水影响时的氮素吸收与转运以及氮代谢关键酶活性。结果表明，渍水后氮积累量显著降低，其中V3渍水处理（V3-W）降幅最大，DH605和ZD958分别降低了41%和37%。渍水后各器官的氮积累量以及籽粒中的氮分配比例显著下降，而茎和叶中的氮分配比例增加。渍水后茎和叶中氮积累量的减少主要是由于干物质积累减少以及渍水后氮从茎和叶向籽粒的转运减少所致。此外，渍水降低了氮代谢关键酶（硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸合酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶）的活性，其中V3-W处理降幅最为显著，DH605的这四种酶活性分别降低了59%、46%、35%和26%，ZD958分别降低了60%、53%、31%和25%。渍水扰乱了氮代谢，阻碍了氮的吸收和运输，并降低了玉米产量。
