Singh Lavanya, Kruger Hendrik G, Maguire Glenn E M, Govender Thavendran, Parboosing Raveen
Department of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2017 Jul;4(4):105-131. doi: 10.1177/2049936117713593. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with viruses in particular making global impact on healthcare and socioeconomic development. In addition, the rapid development of drug resistance to currently available therapies and adverse side effects due to prolonged use is a serious public health concern. The development of novel treatment strategies is therefore required. The interaction of nanostructures with microorganisms is fast-revolutionizing the biomedical field by offering advantages in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Nanoparticles offer unique physical properties that have associated benefits for drug delivery. These are predominantly due to the particle size (which affects bioavailability and circulation time), large surface area to volume ratio (enhanced solubility compared to larger particles), tunable surface charge of the particle with the possibility of encapsulation, and large drug payloads that can be accommodated. These properties, which are unlike bulk materials of the same compositions, make nanoparticulate drug delivery systems ideal candidates to explore in order to achieve and/or improve therapeutic effects. This review presents a broad overview of the application of nanosized materials for the treatment of common viral infections.
传染病是全球死亡的主要原因，尤其是病毒对医疗保健和社会经济发展产生了全球性影响。此外，目前可用疗法的耐药性迅速发展以及长期使用导致的不良副作用是一个严重的公共卫生问题。因此，需要开发新的治疗策略。纳米结构与微生物的相互作用正在通过在诊断和治疗应用中提供优势，使生物医学领域发生快速变革。纳米颗粒具有独特的物理性质，这些性质对药物递送具有相关益处。这主要归因于颗粒大小（影响生物利用度和循环时间）、大的表面积与体积比（与较大颗粒相比溶解度增强）、颗粒可调节的表面电荷以及具有包封可能性，并且能够容纳大量药物。这些性质与相同组成的块状材料不同，使得纳米颗粒药物递送系统成为探索以实现和/或改善治疗效果的理想候选者。本综述广泛概述了纳米材料在治疗常见病毒感染中的应用。
