Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Canada.
National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, Canada.
Plant Cell Rep. 2017 Nov;36(11):1701-1706. doi: 10.1007/s00299-017-2183-3. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
Chemical agents such as trichostatin A (TSA) can assist in optimization of doubled haploidy for rapid improvements in wheat germplasm and addressing recalcitrance issues in cell culture responses. In wheat, plant regeneration through microspore culture is an integral part of doubled haploid (DH) production. However, low response to tissue culture and genotype specificity are two major constraints in the broad deployment of this breeding tool. Recently, the structure of chromatin was shown to be linked with cell transitions during tissue culture. Specifically, repression of genes that are required for cell morphogenesis, through acetylation of histones, may play an important role in this process. Reduction of histone acetylation by chemical inhibition may increase tissue culture efficiency. Here, the role of trichostatin A (TSA) in inducing microspore-derived embryos was investigated in wheat. The optimal dose of TSA was determined for wheat cultivars and subsequently validated in F hybrids. A significant increase in the efficiency of DH production was observed in both cultivated varieties and F hybrids. Thus, the inclusion of TSA in DH protocols for wheat breeding programs is advocated.
化学试剂如曲古抑菌素 A（TSA）可以辅助优化双单倍体，从而加速小麦种质资源的改良，并解决细胞培养反应中的抗性问题。在小麦中，通过小孢子培养进行植物再生是双单倍体（DH）生产的一个组成部分。然而，对组织培养的低反应和基因型特异性是广泛部署这一育种工具的两个主要限制因素。最近，染色质的结构被证明与组织培养过程中的细胞转变有关。具体来说，通过组蛋白乙酰化抑制细胞形态发生所需基因的表达，可能在这个过程中发挥重要作用。通过化学抑制减少组蛋白乙酰化可能会提高组织培养的效率。在这里，研究了曲古抑菌素 A（TSA）在诱导小麦小孢子衍生胚胎中的作用。确定了 TSA 在小麦品种中的最佳剂量，随后在 F 杂种中进行了验证。在栽培品种和 F 杂种中均观察到 DH 生产效率显著提高。因此，提倡在小麦育种计划的 DH 方案中加入 TSA。
