Hamřík Zdeněk, Sigmundová Dagmar, Pavelka Jan, Kalman Michal, Sigmund Erik
Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2017 Jul;25 Suppl 1:S10-S14. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a5099.
Overweight and obesity in adolescents is associated with many health risks and considerable direct and indirect healthcare costs. The purpose of this study is to examine trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 11-, 13- and 15-year-old adolescents in the Czech Republic from 1998 to 2014.
Data from five self-reported survey rounds (1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014) of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study (HBSC) were used to assess trends in overweight and obesity among Czech adolescents. The total sample consisted of 19,103 adolescents (51.2% girls). A logistic regression analysis was used to assess trends in different age and gender categories.
From 1998 to 2014 a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed among boys in all age categories (11 years old 22.2%- 28.3%; 13 years old 17.9%- 26.7%; 15 years old 9.8%- 20.8%) and among 15-year-old girls (6.0%- 10.9%). None of the age and gender categories showed an overall decrease over the 16-year period. In boys, the prevalence of overweight was significantly higher with steeper negative trends compared with girls. However, stabilization in overweight rates was observed between 2010 and 2014 in all age and gender groups.
Nationally representative self-reported data show a significant increase in overweight (including obesity) prevalence among children from 1998 to 2014 in the Czech Republic. The results also suggest stabilization in overweight prevalence between 2010 and 2014. Continuing research is needed to determine future trends while interventions aimed at reducing overweight and obesity in children should be implemented on different levels of public policy.
青少年超重和肥胖与许多健康风险以及可观的直接和间接医疗费用相关。本研究的目的是调查1998年至2014年捷克共和国11岁、13岁和15岁青少年超重和肥胖患病率的趋势。
来自学龄儿童健康行为研究（HBSC）的五轮自我报告调查数据（1998年、2002年、2006年、2010年和2014年）用于评估捷克青少年超重和肥胖的趋势。总样本包括19103名青少年（51.2%为女孩）。采用逻辑回归分析评估不同年龄和性别类别的趋势。
1998年至2014年，所有年龄组的男孩超重和肥胖患病率均显著增加（11岁从22.2%增至28.3%；13岁从17.9%增至26.7%；15岁从9.8%增至20.8%），15岁女孩的患病率也有所增加（从6.0%增至10.9%）。在这16年期间，没有任何年龄和性别类别总体呈下降趋势。与女孩相比，男孩超重患病率显著更高，且呈更陡峭的负趋势。然而，2010年至2014年期间，所有年龄和性别组的超重率趋于稳定。
具有全国代表性的自我报告数据显示，1998年至2014年捷克共和国儿童超重（包括肥胖）患病率显著增加。结果还表明2010年至2014年超重患病率趋于稳定。需要持续开展研究以确定未来趋势，同时应在不同层面的公共政策上实施旨在降低儿童超重和肥胖的干预措施。
