Department of Rural Engineering, University of Cordoba, E.T.S.I. Agronomos y Montes, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Nacional IV Km 396, 14014 Cordoba, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2017 Jul 30;17(8):1743. doi: 10.3390/s17081743.
Olive has a notable importance in countries of Mediterranean basin and its profitability depends on several factors such as actual yield, production cost or product price. Actual "on year" Yield (AY) is production (kg tree) in "on years", and this research attempts to relate it with geometrical parameters of the tree canopy. Regression equation to forecast AY based on manual canopy volume was determined based on data acquired from different orchard categories and cultivars during different harvesting seasons in southern Spain. Orthoimages were acquired with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) imagery calculating individual crown for relating to canopy volume and AY. Yield levels did not vary between orchard categories; however, it did between irrigated orchards (7000-17,000 kg ha) and rainfed ones (4000-7000 kg ha). After that, manual canopy volume was related with the individual crown area of trees that were calculated by orthoimages acquired with UAS imagery. Finally, AY was forecasted using both manual canopy volume and individual tree crown area as main factors for olive productivity. AY forecast only by using individual crown area made it possible to get a simple and cheap forecast tool for a wide range of olive orchards. Finally, the acquired information was introduced in a thematic map describing spatial AY variability obtained from orthoimage analysis that may be a powerful tool for farmers, insurance systems, market forecasts or to detect agronomical problems.
油橄榄在地中海盆地国家具有重要地位，其盈利能力取决于多个因素，如实际产量、生产成本或产品价格。实际的“当年”产量（AY）是“当年”的产量（kg 树），本研究试图将其与树冠的几何参数相关联。根据在西班牙南部不同收获季节不同果园类别和品种获得的数据，确定了基于手动树冠体积预测 AY 的回归方程。使用无人机系统 (UAS) 图像获取正射影像，计算每个树冠，以与树冠体积和 AY 相关联。果园类别之间的产量水平没有差异，但灌溉果园（7000-17000 kg ha）和雨养果园（4000-7000 kg ha）之间存在差异。之后，将手动树冠体积与通过 UAS 图像获取的正射影像计算出的树木个体树冠面积相关联。最后，使用手动树冠体积和单株树冠面积作为橄榄油生产的主要因素来预测 AY。仅使用单个树冠面积进行 AY 预测，可以为广泛的橄榄果园提供简单廉价的预测工具。最后，将获得的信息引入描述从正射影像分析中获得的空间 AY 变异性的专题地图中，这可能是农民、保险系统、市场预测或检测农业问题的有力工具。
