Ryan Meagan T, Rohrbeck Cynthia A, Wirtz Philip W
Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC.
Department of Decision Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2018 Jun;12(3):345-351. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2017.80. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
Disasters occur without warning and can have devastating consequences. Emergency preparedness can reduce negative effects. It is especially important that parents prepare, as children are particularly vulnerable after disasters. This study tested 2 hypotheses: (1) adults with more children are likely to be better prepared than those with fewer or no children because greater caretaking is linked to greater perceived threat of disaster leading to greater preparedness and (2) the strength of this mediational link varies as a function of parental self-efficacy.
Data from an online survey about human-made disasters (terrorism) with a community convenience sample were used to test the hypothesis that perceived threat mediates the relationship between parental status (number of children cared for) and preparedness behaviors, moderated by level of self-efficacy for emergency preparedness.
A bootstrapping analysis with relevant covariates supported the hypothesized mediating effect of threat on the relationship between parental status and preparedness. This relationship was strengthened at higher levels of parental preparedness self-efficacy.
The results of this study are particularly relevant for preparedness interventions. Because threat leads to preparedness, particularly for parents with high self-efficacy, it is important to focus attention on factors that can improve parents' sense of self-efficacy. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018; 12: 345-351).
灾难毫无预警地发生，可能会带来毁灭性后果。应急准备可以减少负面影响。家长做好准备尤为重要，因为灾难发生后儿童特别脆弱。本研究检验了两个假设：（1）孩子较多的成年人可能比孩子较少或没有孩子的成年人准备得更好，因为更多的照料与更高的灾难感知威胁相关，从而导致更强的准备程度；（2）这种中介联系的强度会因父母的自我效能感而有所不同。
利用一项关于人为灾难（恐怖主义）的在线调查数据，以社区便利样本检验以下假设：感知威胁在父母状况（照料的孩子数量）与准备行为之间起中介作用，并以应急准备自我效能水平为调节变量。
一项包含相关协变量的自抽样分析支持了威胁对父母状况与准备程度之间关系的假设中介效应。在父母准备自我效能感较高的水平上，这种关系会得到加强。
本研究结果与准备干预措施尤为相关。由于威胁会导致准备行为，特别是对于自我效能感较高的父母而言，关注能够提高父母自我效能感的因素非常重要。（《灾难医学与公共卫生防范》。2018年；12：345 - 351）
