Bodas Moran, Siman-Tov Maya, Kreitler Shulamith, Peleg Kobi
1The Department of Disaster Medicine,School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine,Tel-Aviv University,Tel-Aviv,Israel.
2Israel National Center for Trauma & Emergency Medicine Research,The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research,Sheba Medical Center,Tel Hashomer,Ramat-Gan,Israel.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2018 Feb;12(1):67-75. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2017.38. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
One of the most prominent threats to the Israeli population is the risk from armed conflicts. Yet, promoting preparedness behavior proves to be highly difficult. Arguably, this is partially due to the chronic exposure of the Israeli public to this threat, a.k.a. "Victimization." The purpose of this study was to examine whether victimization plays a prominent role in shaping preparedness behavior toward armed conflicts in Israel.
An online survey of 502 participants representing the adult Jewish population in Israel was carried out. A set of questionnaires designed to assess public perception of preparedness-affecting factors was used. The list of preparedness-affecting factors was conceptualized by an expert panel before the survey.
The results suggest that low prioritization and ignoring of civil-defense instructions during routine times are leading causes for non-compliance with preparedness recommendations. Ignoring instructions is also negatively correlated with reported preparedness. Misunderstanding the threat and fearing it also seem to be important factors.
The results of this study support the hypothesis that victimization plays an important role in shaping preparedness behavior toward armed conflicts among Jews in Israel. The findings demonstrate the complexity of the socio-psychological perspective of preparedness behavior in victimized populations. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:67-75).
对以色列人口最突出的威胁之一是武装冲突带来的风险。然而，事实证明，促进防范行为极具难度。可以说，部分原因在于以色列公众长期面临这种威胁，即所谓的“受害化”。本研究的目的是检验受害化在塑造以色列人针对武装冲突的防范行为方面是否起显著作用。
对502名代表以色列成年犹太人口的参与者进行了在线调查。使用了一组旨在评估公众对影响防范因素认知的问卷。在调查之前，一个专家小组对影响防范的因素清单进行了概念化。
结果表明，日常时期对民防指示的低优先级和忽视是不遵守防范建议的主要原因。忽视指示也与报告的防范措施呈负相关。对威胁的误解和恐惧似乎也是重要因素。
本研究结果支持这样的假设，即受害化在塑造以色列犹太人针对武装冲突的防范行为中起重要作用。研究结果表明了受害群体中防范行为社会心理视角的复杂性。（《灾难医学与公共卫生防范》。2018年；12:67 - 75）
