Payán Denise D, Sloane David C, Illum Jacqueline, Farris Tahirah, Lewis LaVonna B
Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA;, Email:
Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
Am J Health Behav. 2017 Sep 1;41(5):661-669. doi: 10.5993/AJHB.41.5.15.
We explored how perceived barriers and facilitators influence healthy eating and investigated the acceptability of changes to school lunch meals among adolescents after implementation of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010.
We conducted 8 focus groups with adolescents (N = 64) at 3 South Los Angeles high schools. Data collection instruments included a semi-structured guide and questionnaire. Two researchers independently coded transcripts.
Most participants believed fruits and vegetables were available in their community and reported high relative cost, poor quality, and lack of motivation as barriers to consumption. Many said school meals were an important source of healthy food and were aware of recent changes to the school lunch program. A primary facilitator to eating school lunches was access to fresh food items (eg, a salad bar). Perceived barriers included long cafeteria lines, time constraints, lack of variety, and limited quantities of preferred items. Adolescents viewed off-campus food establishments near the school as competition to school meals.
Our findings suggest the need to measure perceived and actual barriers to healthy eating among adolescents and to examine the effect of these barriers on dietary behavior. We provide programmatic and policy recommendations.
我们探讨了感知到的障碍和促进因素如何影响健康饮食，并调查了2010年《健康、无饥饿儿童法案》实施后青少年对学校午餐膳食变化的接受程度。
我们在洛杉矶南部的3所高中与青少年（N = 64）进行了8个焦点小组访谈。数据收集工具包括一份半结构化指南和问卷。两名研究人员独立对访谈记录进行编码。
大多数参与者认为他们所在社区有水果和蔬菜供应，并报告说相对成本高、质量差和缺乏动力是消费的障碍。许多人表示学校膳食是健康食品的重要来源，并知晓学校午餐计划最近的变化。吃学校午餐的一个主要促进因素是能获取新鲜食品（如沙拉吧）。感知到的障碍包括食堂排队时间长、时间限制、种类单一以及喜欢的食物供应量有限。青少年将学校附近的校外食品店视为学校膳食的竞争对手。
我们的研究结果表明，有必要衡量青少年健康饮食中感知到的和实际存在的障碍，并研究这些障碍对饮食行为的影响。我们提供了项目和政策建议。
