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麻疹疫苗:世卫组织立场文件,2017 年 4 月-建议。

Measles vaccines: WHO position paper, April 2017 - Recommendations.

出版信息

Vaccine. 2019 Jan 7;37(2):219-222. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.066. Epub 2017 Jul 29.

Abstract

This article presents the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations on the use of measles vaccines excerpted from the WHO position paper on Measles vaccines: WHO position paper - April 2017, published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1]. This position paper replaces the 2009 WHO position paper on measles vaccines [2]. The position paper summarizes the most recent developments in the field of measles and includes removal of introduction criteria for the routine second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2), guidance on when to vaccinate infants from 6months of age, and guidance on re-vaccination of HIV-infected children receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references including references to grading tables that assess the quality of the scientific evidence, and to the evidence-to-recommendation table. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. Recommendations on the use of measles vaccines were discussed by SAGE in November 2013, October 2015 and October 2016; evidence presented at these meetings can be accessed at: www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2013/november/presentations_background_docs/en/, www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2015/october/presentations_background_docs/en/ and www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2016/october/presentations_background_docs/en/.

摘要

本文摘译自世界卫生组织(WHO)关于使用麻疹疫苗的立场文件[1],介绍了 WHO 关于麻疹疫苗的使用建议。该立场文件取代了 2009 年的 WHO 麻疹疫苗立场文件[2]。该立场文件总结了麻疹领域的最新进展,包括取消了常规接种第二剂麻疹疫苗(MCV2)的引入标准、关于何时为 6 月龄婴儿接种疫苗的指导,以及关于为接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)的 HIV 感染儿童重新接种疫苗的指导。本文脚注提供了一些核心参考文献,包括评估科学证据质量的分级表参考文献,以及证据到推荐表的参考文献。根据其向会员国提供卫生政策事项指导的任务,世卫组织定期发布一系列关于疫苗的立场文件,以及针对具有国际公共卫生影响的疾病的疫苗组合。这些文件主要涉及大规模免疫规划中疫苗的使用;它们总结了有关疾病和疫苗的基本背景信息,并总结了世卫组织在全球范围内使用疫苗的当前立场。麻疹疫苗使用建议已于 2013 年 11 月、2015 年 10 月和 2016 年 10 月由 SAGE 讨论过;可以在以下网址获取这些会议上提交的证据:www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2013/november/presentations_background_docs/en/,www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2015/october/presentations_background_docs/en/www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2016/october/presentations_background_docs/en/。

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