Mousavi Soraya, Mariotti Roberto, Regni Luca, Nasini Luigi, Bufacchi Marina, Pandolfi Saverio, Baldoni Luciana, Proietti Primo
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the MediterraneanPerugia, Italy.
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Institute of Biosciences and BioresourcesPerugia, Italy.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jul 19;8:1283. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01283. eCollection 2017.
Germplasm collections of tree crop species represent fundamental tools for conservation of diversity and key steps for its characterization and evaluation. For the olive tree, several collections were created all over the world, but only few of them have been fully characterized and molecularly identified. The olive collection of Perugia University (UNIPG), established in the years' 60, represents one of the first attempts to gather and safeguard olive diversity, keeping together cultivars from different countries. In the present study, a set of 370 olive trees previously uncharacterized was screened with 10 standard simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and nine new EST-SSR markers, to correctly and thoroughly identify all genotypes, verify their representativeness of the entire cultivated olive variation, and validate the effectiveness of new markers in comparison to standard genotyping tools. The SSR analysis revealed the presence of 59 genotypes, corresponding to 72 well known cultivars, 13 of them resulting exclusively present in this collection. The new EST-SSRs have shown values of diversity parameters quite similar to those of best standard SSRs. When compared to hundreds of Mediterranean cultivars, the UNIPG olive accessions were splitted into the three main populations (East, Center and West Mediterranean), confirming that the collection has a good representativeness of the entire olive variability. Furthermore, Bayesian analysis, performed on the 59 genotypes of the collection by the use of both sets of markers, have demonstrated their splitting into four clusters, with a well balanced membership obtained by EST respect to standard SSRs. The new OLEST ( expressed sequence tags) SSR markers resulted as effective as the best standard markers. The information obtained from this study represents a high valuable tool for conservation and management of olive genetic resources, useful to build a common database from worldwide olive cultivar collections, also based on recently developed markers.
木本作物种质资源库是保护生物多样性的基本工具，也是对其进行特征描述和评估的关键步骤。对于橄榄树而言，世界各地建立了多个种质资源库，但只有少数进行了全面的特征描述和分子鉴定。佩鲁贾大学（UNIPG）的橄榄种质资源库建于60年代，是最早收集和保护橄榄多样性的尝试之一，汇集了来自不同国家的品种。在本研究中，使用10个标准简单序列重复（SSR）标记和9个新的EST-SSR标记对一组370株此前未进行特征描述的橄榄树进行筛选，以准确、全面地鉴定所有基因型，验证它们对整个栽培橄榄变异的代表性，并与标准基因分型工具相比，验证新标记的有效性。SSR分析揭示了59个基因型的存在，对应于72个知名品种，其中13个仅存在于该种质资源库中。新的EST-SSR标记显示出与最佳标准SSR标记相当的多样性参数值。与数百个地中海品种相比，UNIPG的橄榄种质被分为三个主要群体（东地中海、中地中海和西地中海），证实该种质资源库对整个橄榄变异性具有良好的代表性。此外，使用两组标记对该种质资源库的59个基因型进行贝叶斯分析，结果表明它们被分为四个簇，EST标记与标准SSR标记相比，获得了平衡良好的成员关系。新的OLEST（表达序列标签）SSR标记与最佳标准标记一样有效。本研究获得的信息是保护和管理橄榄遗传资源的高价值工具，有助于建立一个基于全球橄榄品种收集的通用数据库，包括最近开发的标记。
